Mass Thickness Analysis of Gold Thin Films Using Room Temperature Gas-Phase Chlorination

Vaskevich, Alexander; Sehayek, Tali; Rubinstein, Israel

doi:10.1021/ac8025465

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Reproducibility of the LSPR transducer preparation procedure is critical in the development of practical sensors. The standard deviation of the nominal thickness of slides evaporated in the vacuum chamber with a rotating holder is ≤4%, attesting to the homogeneity of the evaporated batch of slides . Statistical analysis of extinction spectra was carried out using six batches of 18−24 slides each, nominal thicknesses of 2.5 to 10 nm, and different annealing procedures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The standard deviation of the nominal thickness of slides evaporated in the vacuum chamber with a rotating holder is e4%, attesting to the homogeneity of the evaporated batch of slides. 55 Statistical analysis of extinction spectra was carried out using six batches of 18-24 slides each, nominal thicknesses of 2.5 to 10 nm, and different annealing procedures. The standard deviation of the SP band wavelength for a given batch varied between 1 and 4 nm, with an average of 2.3 nm, while the relative standard deviation of the SP maximum extinction was e2%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphology and Refractive Index Sensitivity of Gold Island Films

et al. 2009

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The growing interest in recent years in gold island films prepared by vapor deposition on transparent substrates is largely attributed to the prominent localized surface plasmon (SP) extinction associated with nanostructured metal films. In the present study, two types of evaporated Au island films were investigated: (i) Au films (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 nm nominal thickness) evaporated on silanized glass and annealed 20 h at a temperature <250 °C; (ii) Au films (7.5 and 10 nm nominal thickness) evaporated on unmodified glass and annealed 10 h at 550 or 600 °C. The 3D morphology of the Au islands was analyzed using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), crosssectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) crosssectional profilometry. Annealing at high temperatures, close to the glass transition temperature of the substrate, results in wetting of the Au islands by the glass and partial island embedding. The mechanism of morphology evolution during annealing changes from island coalescence and coarsening (low nominal thicknesses) to dewetting of percolated films (higher nominal thicknesses). The aspect ratio of more than 90% of the islands in annealed films is <1.5; therefore, splitting of the SP band to transversal and longitudinal components is not observed. The bulk refractive index sensitivity (RIS), in terms of SP wavelength shift and plasmon intensity change (PIC) per refractive index unit (RIU) change of the medium, was determined by measuring UV-vis spectra of Au island films in a series of methanol/chloroform mixtures. The RIS values for SP wavelength shift (RIS λ ) and PIC (RIS ext ) are 66-153 nm/RIU and 0.2-0.81 abs.u./RIU, respectively. The RIS shows a strong dependence on the wavelength of the SP maximum extinction, i.e., a higher RIS is measured for Au island films exhibiting a SP band at longer wavelengths. Partial thermal embedding of the Au islands in the glass substrate stabilizes the systems but lowers the RIS. The results presented may be useful for tuning the morphology and optical response of Au island films.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and Refractive Index Sensitivity of Gold Island Films

et al. 2009

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“…Preparation of GR Solutions with Au(III) : A 5 × 10 −3 m NaAuCl 4 .2H 2 O stock solution was prepared and its concentration was determined by UV spectroscopy with excess HCl (ε[AuCl 4 − ]@227 nm = 36 430 M −1 cm −1 ) . 0.50 × 10 −3 m Au(III) solutions were prepared by dilution, with additions of measured volumes of standardized 20 × 10 −3 n H 2 SO 4 and 10 × 10 −3 n NaOH solutions, to control the acidity/alkalinity of the solutions (see Supporting Information).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preparation of GR Solutions with Au(III) : A 5 × 10 −3 M NaAuCl 4 .2H 2 O stock solution was prepared and its concentration was determined by UV spectroscopy with excess HCl (ε[AuCl 4 − ]@227 nm = 36 430 M −1 cm −1 ). [ 56 ] 0.50 × 10 −3 M Au(III) solutions were prepared by dilution, with additions of measured volumes of standardized 20 × 10 −3 N H 2 SO 4 and 10 × 10 −3 N NaOH solutions, to control the acidity/alkalinity of the solutions (see Supporting Information). Preparation of GR Solutions with Pd(II) : A 5 × 10 −3 M H 2 PdCl 4 stock solution was prepared by sonicating PdCl 2 (8.87 mg, 50 µmol) and standardized HCl (0.100 mL of 1.00 M HCl, 100 µmol) in a 10 mL volumetric fl ask, and taking to volume.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH‐Dependent Galvanic Replacement of Supported and Colloidal Cu₂O Nanocrystals with Gold and Palladium

Susman

Popovitz‐Biro

Vaskevich

et al. 2015

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Galvanic replacement reactions (GRRs) on nanoparticles (NPs) are typically performed between two metals, i.e., a solid metal NP and a replacing salt solution of a more noble metal. The solution pH in GRRs is commonly considered an irrelevant parameter. Yet, the solution pH plays a major role in GRRs involving metal oxide NPs. Here, Cu(2)O nanocrystals (NCs) are studied as galvanic replacement (GR) precursors, undergoing replacement by gold and palladium, with the resulting nanostructures showing a strong dependence on the pH of the replacing metal salt solution. GRRs are reported for the first time on supported (chemically deposited) oxide NCs and the results are compared with those obtained with corresponding colloidal systems. Control of the pH enables production of different nanostructures, from metal-decorated Cu(2)O NCs to uniformly coated Cu(2)O-in-metal (Cu(2)O@Me) core-shell nanoarchitectures. Improved metal nucleation efficiencies at low pHs are attributed to changes in the Cu(2)O surface charge resulting from protonation of the oxide surface. GR followed by etching of the Cu(2)O cores provides metal nanocages that collapse upon drying; the latter is prevented using a sol-gel silica overlayer stabilizing the metal nanocages. Metal-replaced Cu(2)O NCs and their corresponding stabilized nanostructures may be useful as photocatalysts, electrocatalysts, and nanosensors.

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Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) Transducers Based on Random Evaporated Gold Island Films: Properties and Sensing Applications

Vaskevich

Rubinstein

2012

Nanoplasmonic Sensors

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Mass Thickness Analysis of Gold Thin Films Using Room Temperature Gas-Phase Chlorination

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

Morphology and Refractive Index Sensitivity of Gold Island Films

Morphology and Refractive Index Sensitivity of Gold Island Films

pH‐Dependent Galvanic Replacement of Supported and Colloidal Cu₂O Nanocrystals with Gold and Palladium

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) Transducers Based on Random Evaporated Gold Island Films: Properties and Sensing Applications

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Mass Thickness Analysis of Gold Thin Films Using Room Temperature Gas-Phase Chlorination

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

Morphology and Refractive Index Sensitivity of Gold Island Films

Morphology and Refractive Index Sensitivity of Gold Island Films

pH‐Dependent Galvanic Replacement of Supported and Colloidal Cu2O Nanocrystals with Gold and Palladium

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) Transducers Based on Random Evaporated Gold Island Films: Properties and Sensing Applications

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pH‐Dependent Galvanic Replacement of Supported and Colloidal Cu₂O Nanocrystals with Gold and Palladium