Mass Transfer Characteristics of Floating Media in MBBR and IFAS Fixed-Film Systems

Abstract

2014 U4R11ii The Water Environment Research Foundation, a not-for-profit organization, funds and manages water quality research for its subscribers through a diverse public-private partnership between municipal utilities, corporations, academia, industry, and the federal government. WERF subscribers include municipal and regional water and water resource recovery facilities, industrial corporations, environmental engineering firms, and others that share a commitment to cost-effective water quality solutions. WERF is dedicated to advancing science and technology addressing water quality issues as they impact water resources, the atmosphere, the lands, and quality of life. This report was prepared by the organization(s) named below as an account of work sponsored by the Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF). Neither WERF, members of WERF, the organization(s) named below, nor any person acting on their behalf: (a) makes any warranty, express or implied, with respect to the use of any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report or that such use may not infringe on privately owned rights; or (b) assumes any liabilities with respect to the use of, or for damages resulting from the use of, any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report. Brown and Caldwell, University of New MexicoThis document was reviewed by a panel of independent experts selected by WERF. Mention of trade names or commercial products or services does not constitute endorsement or recommendations for use. Similarly, omission of products or trade names indicates nothing concerning WERF's positions regarding product effectiveness or applicability. Mass Transfer Characteristics of Floating Media in MBBR and IFAS Fixed-Film Systems iii About WERFThe Water Environment Research Foundation, formed in 1989, is America's leading independent scientific research organization dedicated to wastewater and stormwater issues. Throughout the last 25 years, we have developed a portfolio of more than $130 million in water quality research.WERF is a nonprofit organization that operates with funding from subscribers and the federal government. Our subscribers include wastewater treatment facilities, stormwater utilities, and regulatory agencies. Equipment companies, engineers, and environmental consultants also lend their support and expertise as subscribers. WERF takes a progressive approach to research, stressing collaboration among teams of subscribers, environmental professionals, scientists, and staff. All research is peer reviewed by leading experts.For the most current updates on WERF research, sign up to receive Laterals, our bi-weekly electronic newsletter.Learn more about the benefits of becoming a WERF subscriber by visiting www.werf.org. ivThe authors would like to acknowledge the media donors for their financial support and advice during the conduct of this experiment. They would also like to thank the staff at the Albuquerque, New Mexico, Wastewater Reclamation Facility for providing inoculation source ...