Masses and disease entities of the external auditory canal: Radiological and clinical correlation

White, Richard D.; Ananthakrishnan, Ganapathy; McKean, Simon; Brunton, Joshua; Hussain, S. S. M.; Sudarshan, Thiru

doi:10.1016/j.crad.2011.08.019

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Most EAE are located laterally in the auditory canal; as a result, usually they do not impinge directly on the tympanic membrane. Yet, they may extend medially, causing stenosis of the canal and associated CHL [ 50 ]. Even though individuals vary in their rates of production of cerumen and responses to irritation of the auditory canal, large (Grade 3) EAE would make it extremely difficult for the normal irrigation of the ear canal to cleanse the cerumen and exogenous debris from the canal [ 14 , 47 , 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

External auditory exostoses and hearing loss in the Shanidar 1 Neandertal

Trinkaus

Villotte

2017

PLoS ONE

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The Late Pleistocene Shanidar 1 older adult male Neandertal is known for the crushing fracture of his left orbit with a probable reduction in vision, the loss of his right forearm and hand, and evidence of an abnormal gait, as well as probable diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. He also exhibits advanced external auditory exostoses in his left auditory meatus and larger ones with complete bridging across the porus in the right meatus (both Grade 3). These growths indicate at least unilateral conductive hearing (CHL) loss, a serious sensory deprivation for a Pleistocene hunter-gatherer. This condition joins the meatal atresia of the Middle Pleistocene Atapuerca-SH Cr.4 in providing evidence of survival with conductive hearing loss (and hence serious sensory deprivation) among these Pleistocene humans. The presence of CHL in these fossils thereby reinforces the paleobiological and archeological evidence for supporting social matrices among these Pleistocene foraging peoples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

External auditory exostoses and hearing loss in the Shanidar 1 Neandertal

Trinkaus

Villotte

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…EAE are similar in appearance to osteomata, so to discern between these lesions, we followed criteria summarized by Kennedy (), White et al . (), and Villotte et al . ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(). While EAE are broad‐based and often multiple and bilateral, osteomata have a pedunculated base, are not symmetrical or bilateral, found in low frequencies in the general population, and are not associated with exposure to cold water (Kennedy, ; Carbone & Nelson, ; White et al ., ). Following these diagnostic criteria, no osteomata were recorded for the study sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Digital photographs of the left and right sides of complete skulls were taken for each individual in the sample. EAE are similar in appearance to osteomata, so to discern between these lesions, we followed criteria summarized by Kennedy (1986), White et al (2012), and Villotte et al (2014). While EAE are broad-based and often multiple and bilateral, osteomata have a pedunculated base, are not symmetrical or bilateral, found in low frequencies in the general population, and are not associated with exposure to cold water (Kennedy, 1986;Carbone & Nelson, 2012;White et al, 2012).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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External Auditory Exostoses and its Relationship to Prehistoric Abalone Harvesting on Santa Rosa Island, California

Kuzminsky

Erlandson

Xifara

2016

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Bioarchaeological research among prehistoric Pacific Coast populations has shown that external auditory exostoses (EAE) are found in high frequencies. On California's northern Channel Islands archaeological research has demonstrated that there was an intense exploitation of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens), particularly between ~8000 and 3500 years ago. If the Island Chumash were free‐diving for red abalone in subtidal waters, EAE should be prevalent in prehistoric populations from Santa Rosa Island. We recorded the presence or absence, number, side and severity of EAE growths for 207 adult individuals from three time periods on Santa Rosa Island. Our results show that ~11% of the total population was affected, including 22.5% of males and ~3.4% of females. The incidence among females increases from 0% in the Early period, to 2.6% in the Middle period, and 6.8% in the Late period. Overall these are lower rates than those reported for other Channel Island and Pacific Coast sites. Given the relatively low percentage of Santa Rosa Islanders affected with EAE, red abalones may have been harvested primarily in shallow waters rather than the deeper subtidal zone. Our data suggest that gender differences in food procurement activities existed on Santa Rosa Island throughout prehistory, congruent with the argument that EAE is an activity‐induced pathology that occurs with prolonged exposure to cold water and wind conditions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…The latter are a rare, pedunculated, solitary and unilateral bone formations, often found attached to the tympanosquamous or tympanomastoid suture, while EAEs are broad-based growths of bone, usually with multiple and bilateral implantations, but which spare the sutures (Di Bartolomeo, 1979;Filipo et al, 1982;Leonetti and Marzo, 2014;Roland and Marple, 1997;White et al, 2012).…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 96%

External auditory exostoses and prehistoric aquatic resource procurement

Villotte

Knüsel

2016

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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External auditory exostoses (EAEs) are osseous exostoses that form in the external auditory canal as a result of an irritation of the periosteum. Many conditions can be responsible for this irritation, but contact with cold water is the principal cause. This article is a brief review of clinical and anthropological studies that permit consideration of EAEs as faithful markers of water-related activities in past populations and discusses the potential as well as the limits of EAEs to provide insights into aquatic resource exploitation by prehistoric humans.

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Masses and disease entities of the external auditory canal: Radiological and clinical correlation

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

External auditory exostoses and hearing loss in the Shanidar 1 Neandertal

External auditory exostoses and hearing loss in the Shanidar 1 Neandertal

External Auditory Exostoses and its Relationship to Prehistoric Abalone Harvesting on Santa Rosa Island, California

External auditory exostoses and prehistoric aquatic resource procurement

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