Masseter function and skeletal malocclusion

Sciote, James J.; Raoul, G.; Ferri, Joël; Close, John M.; Horton, Michael; Rowlerson, A

doi:10.1016/j.revsto.2013.01.015

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…After snap freezing, muscle samples were stored at -80 0 C prior to histologic and gene expression analysis. 1-2 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Complex traits are quantitative or continuous conditions with a broad spectrum of presentations. For humans, variations in height, IQ, blood pressure and birth weight are complex quantitative traits which result from the interplay of genetic and environmental influences.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1-2 To further explore how genetic variation might influence masticatory muscle function and skeletal shape, this study sought to associate ACTN3 genotypes with malocclusion classification and masseter muscle fiber type properties. To do so, we looked at two SNPs located at rs1815739 and rs678397.…”

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confidence: 99%

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ACTN3 R577X genotypes associate with Class II and deepbite malocclusions

Zebrick

Teeramongkolgul

Nicot

et al. 2014

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

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Introduction α-actinins are myofibril anchor proteins which influence contractile properties of skeletal muscle. ACTN2 is expressed in slow type I and fast type II fibers whereas ACTN3 is expressed only in fast fibers. ACTN3 homozygosity for the 577X stop codon (i.e. changing 577RR to 577XX - the R577X polymorphism) results in the absence of α-actinin-3 in about 18% of Europeans, diminished fast contractile ability, enhanced endurance performance and reduced bone mass or bone mineral density. We have examined ACTN3 expression and genetic variation in masseter muscle of orthognathic surgery patients to determine genotype associations with malocclusion. Methods Clinical information, masseter muscle biopsies and saliva samples were obtained from 60 subjects. Genotyping for ACTN3 SNPs, RT-PCR quantitation of muscle gene message and muscle morphometric fiber type properties were compared to determine statistical differences between genotype and phenotype. Results Muscle mRNA expression level was significantly different for ACTN3 SNP genotypes (p<0.01). The frequency of ACTN3 genotypes was significantly different for sagittal and vertical classifications of malocclusion with the clearest association being elevated 577XX genotype in skeletal class II malocclusion (p = 0.003). This genotype also resulted in significantly smaller diameter of fast type II fibers in masseter muscle (p = 0.002). Conclusion ACTN3 577XX is overrepresented in skeletal class II malocclusion, suggesting a biologic influence during bone growth. ACTN3 577XX is underrepresented in deep bite malocclusion, suggesting muscle differences contribute to variations in vertical facial dimensions.

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“…After snap freezing, muscle samples were stored at -80 0 C prior to histologic and gene expression analysis. 1-2 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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ACTN3 R577X genotypes associate with Class II and deepbite malocclusions

Zebrick

Teeramongkolgul

Nicot

et al. 2014

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

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“…Malocclusions present a common pathological condition of masticatory system. They are characterized by an irregular contact between the maxillary and mandibular teeth that prevent the necessary effectiveness of jaw movement 10 . Malocclusion is usually defined as a consequence of orofacial system growth disorder, trauma, poor oral habits, genetic factors and disorders of masticatory forces balance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the bioelectrical activity of the masticatory muscles during Angle’s Class II division 2 therapy with an activator

Petrovic¹,

Vujkov²,

Petronijevic³

et al. 2014

VOJNOSANIT PREGL

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In all the three measured positions of the mandible with Angle Class II/2 malocclusion, bioelectrical activity was lowest at baseline and increased during the first year of treatment, and at the end of the treatment it partially reduced close to the approximate values in normal occlusion. Research on electromyographic activity of masticatory muscles is useful in everyday clinical practice, especially in present distinctive skeletal discrepancy before, during and after orthodontic treatment, if on the bases of the results we can evaluate the treatment, but also determine the start and duration of the retention period and retention device type.

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“…Recent research by J. Sciote and collaborators has shown that variations in masseter muscle fiber type, gene expression in masseter muscle, and epigenetic changes that alter gene expression are associated with anterior open versus deep bites, mandibular retrognathism versus prognathism, and mandibular asymmetry. 36–39 …”

Section: Genetic Variation In Muscle and Its Influence On Malocclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heredity, genetics and orthodontics: How much has this research really helped?

Hartsfield

Jacob

Morford³

2017

Seminars in Orthodontics

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Uncovering the genetic factors that correlate with a clinical deviation of previously unknown etiology helps to diminish the unknown variation influencing the phenotype. Clinical studies, particularly those that consider the effects of an appliance or treatment regimen on growth, need to be a part of these types of genetic investigations in the future. While the day-to-day utilization of “testing” for genetic factors is not ready for practice yet, genetic testing for monogenic traits such as Primary Failure of Eruption (PFE) and Class III malocclusion is showing more promise as knowledge and technology advances. Although the heterogeneous complexity of such things as facial and dental development, the physiology of tooth movement, and the occurrence of External Apical Root Resorption (EARR) make their precise prediction untenable, investigations into the genetic factors that influence different phenotypes, and how these factors may relate to or impact environmental factors (including orthodontic treatment) are becoming better understood. The most important “genetic test” the practitioner can do today is to gather the patient’s individual and family history. This would greatly benefit the patient, and augment the usefulness of these families in future clinical research in which clinical findings, environmental, and genetic factors can be studied.

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Masseter function and skeletal malocclusion

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

ACTN3 R577X genotypes associate with Class II and deepbite malocclusions

ACTN3 R577X genotypes associate with Class II and deepbite malocclusions

Examination of the bioelectrical activity of the masticatory muscles during Angle’s Class II division 2 therapy with an activator

Heredity, genetics and orthodontics: How much has this research really helped?

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