Masseteric silent periods electrically evoked in normal subjects and patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction

Hussein, Sara; McCall, W.D.

doi:10.1016/0014-4886(83)90157-7

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These variations in MU reflex responses therefore suggest an altered afferent input to the motoneuron pool in "dysfunctional" subjects, possibly due to changes in the patterning of peripheral input as a consequence of painful muscles and joints. These MU findings in dysfunctional subjects conflict with several earlier multiunit studies (Hussein and McCall, 1983). Turker etal.…”

Section: Reflex Behaviorcontrasting

confidence: 72%

Internal Organization in the Human Jaw Muscles

Hannam

McMillan

1994

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

155

102

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The human jaw muscles are essential to mastication and play an important part in craniofacial growth. They contribute to dental and articular forces, deform the mandible, and, like other tissues, are subject to disorders, often manifested as pain. The literature describes how their contraction is controlled by the nervous system, and how their general structure and function contribute to craniofacial biology, but there has been little appraisal of their internal organization. Most of these muscles are not simple; they are multipennate, complexly layered, and divided by aponeuroses. This arrangement provides substantial means for differential contraction. In many ways, jaw muscle fibers are intrinsically dissimilar from those found in other skeletal muscles, because they are arranged in homogeneous clusters and generally reveal type I or type II histochemical profiles. Most are type I and are distributed preferentially in the anterior and deeper parts of the jaw closers. Additionally, most motor unit (MU) territories are smaller than those in the limbs. There is circumstantial evidence for intramuscular partitioning based in part on innervation by primary muscle nerve branches. During normal function. MU recruitment and the rate coding of MU firing in human jaw muscles follow the general principles established for the limbs, but even here they differ in important respects. Jaw muscle MUs do not have stable force recruitment thresholds and seem to rely more on rate coding than on sequential unit recruitment to grade the amplitude of muscle contraction. Unlike those in the limbs, their twitch tensions correlate weakly with MU fatiguability and contraction speed, probably because there are so few slow, fatigue-resistant MUs in the jaw muscles. Moreover, the type I fibers that are present in such large numbers do not contract as slowly as normally expected. To complicate matters, estimation of jaw MU twitch tensions is extremely difficult, because it is affected by the location used to measure the twitch, the background firing rate, muscle coactivation, and regional, intramuscular mechanics. Finally, there have been very few systematic studies of jaw MU reflex behavior. The most recent have concentrated on exteroceptive suppression and suggest that MU inhibition following intra- and perioral stimulation depends on the location of the MU, its background firing rate, the timing of the stimulus, and the task used to drive the unit. Task dependency is a common feature of human jaw MU behavior, reflecting interaction between peripheral sensory information from orofacial and muscle afferents and corticobulbar drive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Section: Reflex Behaviorcontrasting

confidence: 72%

Internal Organization in the Human Jaw Muscles

Hannam

McMillan

1994

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

155

102

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“…Double silent periods have also been reported in subjects with natural dentition. Thus, Bratzlavsky (1972), Yu, Schmidt & Sessle (1973) and Hussein & McCall (1983) reported a second inhibitory period in the jaw closing muscles upon electrical stimulation of oral tissues. Moreover, Widmalm & Hedegard (1976) found double silent periods in seven out of fourteen young individuals with acute TMJ symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Studies of jaw muscle silent periods in various samples of dentate subjects have revealed that groups of patients with dysfunction symptoms in the masticatory system have longer mean silent period durations than groups of asymptomatic subjects (Bessette, Bishop & Mohl, 1971;Widmalm, 1976;Bailey, McCall & Ash, 1977;McCall, Uthman & Mohl, 1978;McCall & Hoffer, 1981;Skiba & Laskin, 1981;Hussein & McCall, 1983;Strychalski et al, 1984). Treatment of dysfunction symptoms by splint therapy, occlusal adjustment, or other types of treatment has been found to reduce the silent period duration (Bessette et al, 1971;Beemsterboer et al, 1976;Skiba & Laskin, 1981), but no change or even increased silent period duration in response to splint insertion has been reported in asymptomatic subjects (Moini, McCall & Mohl, 1980;Finger, Stohler & Ash, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follow‐up study of silent periods in complete denture wearers

Tallgren

McCall

Mansour

et al. 1987

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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Electromyographic silent periods in response to chin taps during clench were recorded from the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles. Ten complete denture wearers were observed up to the 1-year stage of denture wear and eight patients up to the 2-year stage. Silent periods were also recorded from patients clenching on paper rolls in place of the dentures. Regarding the patterns of the silent periods, similar observations of double silent periods were made as in our previous study up to the half-year stage of denture wear (McCall, Tallgren & Ash, 1979). The frequency of the double silent periods was 13.8% at the 1-year stage and 7.3% at the 2-year stage. The mean duration of the silent periods did not differ significantly at the 1-year and 2-year stages. The mean silent period duration when clenching on paper rolls without dentures in the mouth was significantly shorter than when clenching with the dentures.

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“…A ground electrode soaked with saline was attached to the left wrist. Recordings were performed on the left side only, as previous studies have reported no side differences in ES 2 duration (8,9). A bipolar surface stimulation electrode (Dantec) was placed with the stimulation tips, which were 10 mm apart, on either side of the left labial commissure ( Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For more than two decades ES 2 periods have been used in investigations of neuronal motor control (1,2,4,10), function of the trigeminal nerve (11), and dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (8). In the last few years several studies have described ES 2 in tension-type headache and other pain disorders (6,(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exteroceptive Suppression Periods in Jaw-Closing Muscles. Variability and Relation to Experimental Pain and Sustained Muscle Contraction

et al. 1993

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The duration of the late exteroceptive suppression period (ES2) of temporal muscle EMG activity has been reported to be reduced in patients suffering from chronic tension-type headache. Methods of recording and analysing ES2 have varied between centers and reproducibility of results within subjects, although insufficiently studied, has generally been poor. ES2 was investigated in 30 healthy subjects, using a computerized technique of recording, rectifying and averaging the EMG signals. Hour to hour and week to week variations of ES2 durations were calculated, and the influence of pain during a cold pressor test and of sustained muscle contraction on ES2 durations was investigated. The intra-individual variation of ES2 durations was 16.0% from hour to hour and 20.7% from week to week. The inter-individual variation was 36.7%. The present method for analysis of ES2 periods proved to be reliable, as the intra-observer variation was 4.2% and the inter-observer variation 4.6%. ES2 periods were significantly shorter on the first compared to the second day of examination (p = 0.006) and during experimental pain (p = 0.0005). We recommend the use of the computerized average technique in future studies and caution against the dependence of results upon factors such as conditioning and pain.

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Masseteric silent periods electrically evoked in normal subjects and patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Internal Organization in the Human Jaw Muscles

Internal Organization in the Human Jaw Muscles

Follow‐up study of silent periods in complete denture wearers

Exteroceptive Suppression Periods in Jaw-Closing Muscles. Variability and Relation to Experimental Pain and Sustained Muscle Contraction

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