Massive black holes at high redshifts from superconducting cosmic strings

Cyr, Bryce; Jiao, Hao; Brandenberger, Robert H.

doi:10.1093/mnras/stac1939

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…They can provide seeds for intermediate and super-massive black holes at high redshifts [61,62]. It has recently been shown [63] that for superconducting cosmic strings, the "Direct Collapse Black Hole" criteria can be satisfied, and that such loops indeed could explain the origin of the observed high redshift super-massive black holes.…”

Section: Constraints From Cosmological Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic Strings from Thermal Inflation

Brandenberger,

Favero

2024

Universe

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Thermal inflation was proposed as a mechanism to dilute the density of cosmological moduli. Thermal inflation is driven by a complex scalar field possessing a large vacuum expectation value and a very flat potential, called a “flaton”. Such a model admits cosmic string solutions, and a network of such strings will inevitably form in the symmetry breaking phase transition at the end of the period of thermal inflation. We discuss the differences of these strings compared to the strings which form in the Abelian Higgs model. Specifically, we find that the upper bound on the symmetry breaking scale is parametrically lower than in the case of Abelian Higgs strings, and that the lower cutoff on the string loop distribution is determined by cusp annihilation rather than by gravitational radiation (for the value of the transition temperature proposed in the original work on thermal inflation).

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Section: Constraints From Cosmological Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic Strings from Thermal Inflation

Brandenberger,

Favero

2024

Universe

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“…More recently, CCCSs were investigated in refs. [51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. The evolution of standard Nambu-Goto strings can be conveniently described by the so-called velocity-dependent one-scale (VOS) model [58,59], which allows one to track the evolution of two important properties of the string network: its correlation length and the root-mean-square velocity of long strings.…”

Section: Jcap04(2023)009mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational waves from current-carrying cosmic strings

Auclair

Blasi

Brdar

et al. 2023

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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Cosmic strings are predicted by many Standard Model extensions involving the cosmological breaking of a symmetry with nontrivial first homotopy group and represent a potential source of primordial gravitational waves (GWs). Present efforts to model the GW signal from cosmic strings are often based on minimal models, such as, e.g., the Nambu-Goto action that describes cosmic strings as exactly one-dimensional objects without any internal structure. In order to arrive at more realistic predictions, it is therefore necessary to consider nonminimal models that make an attempt at accounting for the microscopic properties of cosmic strings. With this goal in mind, we derive in this paper the GW spectrum emitted by current-carrying cosmic strings (CCCSs), which may form in a variety of cosmological scenarios. Our analysis is based on a generalized version of the velocity-dependent one-scale (VOS) model, which, in addition to the mean velocity and correlation length of the string network, also describes the evolution of a chiral (light-like) current. As we are able to show, the solutions of the VOS equations imply a temporarily growing fractional cosmic-string energy density, Ωcs. This results in an enhanced GW signal across a broad frequency interval, whose boundaries are determined by the times of generation and decay of cosmic-string currents. Our findings have important implications for GW experiments in the Hz to MHz band and motivate the construction of realistic particle physics models that give rise to large currents on cosmic strings.

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“…[19] that for a significant range of string tension, cosmic string loops are likely to be captured by supermassive black holes at the galactic centers. It is also possible that supermassive black holes themselves were seeded by string loops: a gas cloud at redshifts z = O(100) could fall into a superconducting string loop and directly collapse into a massive black hole [20], which may capture the loop afterwards. In addition, if primordial black holes co-existed with cosmic strings in the early universe, it is expected that nearly all of them would end up with string loops attached to them as a result of reconnections in the string network [19,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating cosmic string loop captured by a rotating black hole

Deng¹,

Gruzinov²,

Levin³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We study the dynamics of a cosmic string loop captured by a rotating black hole, ignoring string reconnections. A loop is numerically evolved in Kerr spacetime, with the result that it turns into one or more growing or contracting double-lines rotating around the black hole in the equatorial plane. This is in good agreement with the approximate analytical treatment of the problem investigated by Xing et al., who studied the evolution of the auxiliary curve associated with the string loop. We confirm that the auxiliary curve deformation can indeed describe the string motion in realistic physical scenarios to a reasonable accuracy, and can thus be used to further study other phenomena such as superradiance and reconnections of the captured loop.

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Massive black holes at high redshifts from superconducting cosmic strings

Cited by 17 publications

References 98 publications

Cosmic Strings from Thermal Inflation

Cosmic Strings from Thermal Inflation

Gravitational waves from current-carrying cosmic strings

Simulating cosmic string loop captured by a rotating black hole

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