Massive Pulmonary Embolism in Children

Baird, John Scott; Killinger, James S.; Kalkbrenner, Kathy J.; Bye, Michael R.; Schleien, Charles L.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.06.048

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…DVT also predisposes to PE, with DVT in the upper body being more commonly associated with children [5]. Children with SCD are prothrombotic and are at an increased risk of thromboembolism [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Thromboembolism in a Child with Sickle Cell Hemoglobin D Disease in the Setting of Acute Chest Syndrome

Villanueva

Kuril

Krajewski

et al. 2013

Case Reports in Pediatrics

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Introduction. Sickle cell hemoglobin D disease (HbSD) is a rare variant of sickle cell disease (SCD). Incidence of pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in children with HbSD is unknown. PE and DVT are known complications of SCD in adults but have not been reported in the literature in children with HbSD. Case Report. We are reporting a case of a 12-year-old boy with HbSD with acute chest syndrome (ACS) complicated by complete thrombosis of the branch of the right pulmonary artery and multiple small pulmonary artery emboli seen on computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiogram and thrombosis of the right brachial vein seen on Doppler ultrasound. Our patient responded to treatment with anticoagulant therapy. Conclusion. There are no cases reported in children with HbSD disease presenting as ACS with pulmonary thromboembolism. We suggest that PE should be suspected in patients presenting with ACS who do not show improvement with standard management. CT pulmonary angiogram should be utilized for early diagnosis and appropriate management as there is no current protocol for management of PE/DVT in pediatric patients with SCD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Thromboembolism in a Child with Sickle Cell Hemoglobin D Disease in the Setting of Acute Chest Syndrome

Villanueva

Kuril

Krajewski

et al. 2013

Case Reports in Pediatrics

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“…hemimegalencephaly) can also be observed in these patients . The main complications of the K–T syndrome derive from lower extremity venous malformations, with the risk of Kassabach–Merrit phenomenon and episodes of thrombophlebitis, deep vein thrombosis, and/or pulmonary thromboembolism .…”

Section: Diagnostic Criteria and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CLOVES syndrome: review of a PIK3CA‐related overgrowth spectrum (PROS)

et al. 2016

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Overgrowth syndromes are characterized by global or localized disproportionate growth associated with other anomalies, including vascular malformations and neurological and/or visceral disorders. CLOVES (Congenital Lipomatous asymmetric Overgrowth of the trunk with lymphatic, capillary, venous, and combined-type Vascular malformations, Epidermal naevi, Scoliosis/Skeletal and spinal anomalies) is an overgrowth syndrome caused by mosaic activating mutation in gene PIK3CA, which gives rise to abnormal PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway activation. These mutations are responsible for the clinical manifestations of the syndrome, which include low- and high-flow vascular malformations, thoracic lipomatous hyperplasia, asymmetric growth, and visceral and neurological disorders. These common anomalies are illustrated with figures from two personal cases. Identification of the clinical and genetic characteristics of CLOVES syndrome is crucial for the differential diagnosis with other overgrowth syndromes, such as Proteus or Klippel-Trenaunay (K-T) syndromes, and for the therapeutic management of the different anomalies. In this context, a new entity comprising different syndromes with phenotypic mutations in PIK3CA has been proposed, designated PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS), with the aim of facilitating clinical management and establishing appropriate genetic study criteria.

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“…Alternatively, it may be due to the fact that more children are surviving from previously fatal conditions that place them at an increased risk for developing PE, such as congenital heart disease and malignancy. In addition, more children are requiring central venous catheterization for vascular access, a major risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE), which can lead to a PE [13,14].…”

Section: Pulmonary Embolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent literature review comparing pediatric PE with adult PE, pediatric cases were more often diagnosed at autopsy and were associated with a higher mortality rate than adults [13]. The clinical presentation often is confusing, perhaps compounded by the fact that very few pediatricians have much experience with this disorder.…”

Section: Pulmonary Embolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstructive Shock

Morgan¹

2013

TOPEDJ

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Abstract:Obstructive shock is a less common, but important cause of shock in critically ill infants and children. It is caused by mechanical obstruction of blood flow to and/or from the heart and causes can include a tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, pulmonary embolus, or cardiac defects resulting in left-sided outflow tract obstruction. Each of these can result in similar physiology with poor perfusion and oxygen delivery to the body, though the diagnosis and treatment are unique to each process and thus described individually.

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Massive Pulmonary Embolism in Children

Cited by 34 publications

References 30 publications

Pulmonary Thromboembolism in a Child with Sickle Cell Hemoglobin D Disease in the Setting of Acute Chest Syndrome

Pulmonary Thromboembolism in a Child with Sickle Cell Hemoglobin D Disease in the Setting of Acute Chest Syndrome

CLOVES syndrome: review of a PIK3CA‐related overgrowth spectrum (PROS)

Obstructive Shock

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