Mast cells and inflammatory mediators in chronic ulcerative colitis

Stoyanova, Irina; Gulubova, Maya

doi:10.1078/0065-1281-00641

Cited by 112 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Mast cell numbers are increased in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis [16,18], inflammatory bowel disease [21][22][23] and asthma [15]. Elevated IL-15 mRNA and protein levels are also found in rheumatoid arthritis [24,25,49] and inflammatory bowel disease [37], thereby allowing the potential for mast cells and IL-15 interactions to contribute to the inflammatory response in these conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased expression of these factors during an inflammatory response may induce accumulation of mast cells. Increased mast cell numbers are characteristic of many inflammatory disorders including asthma [15], rheumatoid arthritis [16][17][18][19][20] and inflammatory bowel disease [21][22][23]. Interestingly, recent reports suggest that both IL-15 expression [17,[24][25][26] and mast cell density are increased in rheumatoid synovium [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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IL-15 induces mast cell migration via a pertussis toxin-sensitive receptor

et al. 2005

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IL-15 induces mast cell migration via a pertussis toxin-sensitive receptor

et al. 2005

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“…[13][14][15][16] In addition, investigators have found that they are often increased relative to control populations in patients diagnosed with diarrhea-or constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, 10,12 but the distribution is variable. 17 Other studies, 18,19 however, found no differences in the degree of MC infiltration in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.…”

Section: Recent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performing Colonic Mast Cell Counts in Patients With Chronic Diarrhea of Unknown Etiology Has Limited Diagnostic Use

Sethi

Jain

Roland³

et al. 2015

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Mastocytic enterocolitis is a recently described entity defined by chronic diarrhea of unknown etiology and normal colon biopsy results with increased mast cells (MCs) seen on special stains. These patients may benefit from mast cell stabilizers; however, the clinical utility of MC counts remains unknown.Objective.-To determine the clinical utility of colonic MC counts on normal biopsies in patients with chronic diarrhea of unknown etiology.Design.-Blinded MC counts using a c-Kit stain were performed in 76 consecutive patients with chronic diarrhea of unknown etiology who had normal colon biopsy results and in 89 consecutive control patients presenting for screening colonoscopy. Mast cells were counted per single high-power field in the highest-density area. A t test was used to compare the counts, and receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to examine sensitive and specific cutoff values.Results.-Overall, MC counts averaged 31 MCs per high-power field in the study group versus 24 MCs per high-power field in the control group (P , .001). When stratified by location, a significant increase was seen in biopsies from the left colon only. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that overall MC counts, left-sided MC counts, and the difference between rightand left-sided MC counts did not yield discriminatory cutoff values (area under the curve, 0.68, 0.74, and 0.81, respectively).Conclusions.-Mast cell counts were increased in patients with chronic diarrhea of unknown etiology, primarily in the left colon. However, receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrates no discriminatory cutoff values. Quantitative MC stains yield little useful diagnostic information, and further studies are necessary to determine whether mastocytic enterocolitis truly represents a distinct entity.

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“…Mast cells are a normal resident of almost all vascularized tissues in mammalian species and play a crucial role in inflammatory conditions involving the bladder (39 -41) and GI tract (5,29,45,49). In these tissues and other sites, mast cells have close anatomic proximity to lymphatics (56), vascular endothelial cells (21), and nerve elements (22), but the factors that potentially influence mast cell interactions with other cells are not completely understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of neurokinin-1 receptor expression affects tissue mast cell numbers but not their spatial relationship with nerves

D’Andrea¹,

Saban²,

Gerard³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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-A spatial association between mast cells and nerves has been described in both the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. However, the factors that influence the anatomic relationship between mast cells and nerves have not been completely defined. It has been suggested that the high-affinity receptor for substance P [neurokinin-1 (NK1)] might modulate this interaction. We therefore assessed mast cell-nerve relationships in tissues isolated from wild-type and NK1 receptor knockout (NK1 Ϫ/Ϫ ) mice. We now report that, in the complete absence of NK1 receptor expression, there is a significant increase in the number of mast cells without a change in the anatomic relationship between mast cell and nerves in stomach and bladder tissues at the light microscopic level. We next determined whether transplanted mast cells would maintain their spatial distribution, number, and contact with nerve elements. For this purpose, mast cell-deficient Kit W /Kit WϪv mice were reconstituted with wild-type or NK1 Ϫ/Ϫ bone marrow. No differences in mast cell-nerve contact were observed. These results suggest that NK1 receptor expression is important in the regulation of the number of mast cells but is not important in the interaction between mast cells and nerves. Furthermore, the interaction between mast cells and nerves is not mediated through NK1 receptor expression on the mast cell. Further studies are needed to determine the molecular pathway involved in mast cell migration and interaction with nerve elements, but the model of reconstitution of Kit W /Kit WϪv mice with mast cells derived from different genetically engineered mice is a useful approach to further explore these mechanisms. cystitis; substance P; disease animal model MAST CELLS ARE NORMALLY DISTRIBUTED throughout mucosal surfaces in proximity to blood vessels (21), lymphatics (56), peripheral nerves (22), and epithelial cells. This pattern of distribution facilitates the exposure of mast cells to stimuli, such as soluble protein, antigens (26), or neuropeptides (10), that can induce activation. Furthermore, it places the mast cell at the interface of potentially critical host-pathogen interactions (6, 28) and in turn makes their cell products available to a variety of cell types in the microenvironment, including sensory and autonomic nerves (22,47,48) and smooth muscle cells (16 -18).Spatial associations in biological systems are often indicative of functional interactions. In this context, nerve-mast cell interaction has been described in the skin and in the gastrointestinal (GI) and urinary tracts (4, 30, 33, 50). Early studies elegantly described the nonrandom spatial association of mast cells with nerves in a variety of tissues in which actual membrane-membrane contacts occur (11,22,32,44,47,48). In the GI tract, several studies have suggested that mast cell-nerve interaction has an important homeostatic role in the regulation of gut physiology as well pathophysiology (57). Studies that have utilized mast cell-deficient Kit W /Kit WϪv (Kit) mice have provide...

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Mast cells and inflammatory mediators in chronic ulcerative colitis

Cited by 112 publications

References 36 publications

IL-15 induces mast cell migration via a pertussis toxin-sensitive receptor

IL-15 induces mast cell migration via a pertussis toxin-sensitive receptor

Performing Colonic Mast Cell Counts in Patients With Chronic Diarrhea of Unknown Etiology Has Limited Diagnostic Use

Lack of neurokinin-1 receptor expression affects tissue mast cell numbers but not their spatial relationship with nerves

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