Mastering Sulfonation of Aromatic Polysulfones: Crucial for Membranes for Fuel Cell Application

Iojoiu, Cristina; Maréchal, Manuel; Chabert, France; Sanchez, Jean‐Yves

doi:10.1002/fuce.200400082

Cited by 122 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…A wide range of characteriza tions was performed to determine the DS, indicating that NMR was the most accurate method. The Mn and PDI of the ionomers confi rmed that despite careful experimental conditions, CIS0 3 H produced signifi cant chain breakages, which were much more important than those induced by TMSCS, and consistent with the results reported by lojoiu et al [11 ]. Al though OS03H may appear more suitable for scaling up, we must emphasize that the expensive TMSCS can be easily generated in situ from a mixture of fairly cheap reagents (i.e., (CISi(CH 3 h) and CIS0 3 H).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The diphenylene sulfone endows the polymer backbone with insensi tivity to hydrogenation, thermal stability and oxidative resistance [10]. A comparative electrochemical study (i) of model molecules mimicking the backbone of high performance polymers and (ii) their sulfonated form confirmed that the polysulfone ionomers have a wider electrochemical stability window than that of polyether ether ketone and polyphenylene sulfide ionomers [11]. Therefore, sulfonated polysulfone (SPSU) ionomeric membranes have been extensively studied and tested for fuel cell applications [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical and structural characterization of sulfonated polysulfone

et al. 2015

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a b s t r a c tWe describe the synthesis, as well as the electrochemical and structural characterization, of sulfonated polysulfone intended for use in PEM fuel cells. Starting from a commercial polysulfone, we assessed the performance of these prepared ionomers using synthesis protocols compatible with industrial produc tion. The efficiency of the trimethylsilyl chlorosulfonate and chlorosulfonic acid reagents in the sulfo nation process was confirmed by 1 H NMR, FTIR, elemental analysis, chemical titration and thermal analysis (DSC and TGA). Chlorosulfonic acid was the most effective sulfonation reagent. However, based on SEC MALLS, this reagent induced degradation of the backbone that is detrimental to the thermo mechanical stability and lifespan of the membranes. The electrical characterization of the membranes was undertaken using impedance spectroscopy in contact with different HCl aqueous solutions at various temperatures. The activation energies, which ranged from 8.2 to 11 kJ/mol, were in agreement with the prevailing proton vehicular mechanism.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical and structural characterization of sulfonated polysulfone

et al. 2015

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“…Berbagai usaha telah dilakukan diantaranya pemakaian polimer alam (Mat and Liong, 2009;Ye et al, 2012), maupun sintetik (Smitha et al,2003;Iojoiu et al,2005. Polimer alam seperti kitosan dianggap cukup menjanjikan dalam aplikasi tersebut.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Reaksi pembentukan basa schiff dengan beberapa modifikator telah dipublikasikan sebelumnya (Santos et al, 2005;Wiyarsi, 2008;Jiao et al,2011;Pramono et al, 2012 et al, 2000;Smitha et al, 2003;Iojoiu et al,2005). Material tersebut memilki stabilitas termal yang tinggi dan juga sifat mekaniknya yang cukup baik pula (Martins et al,2003), namun demikian modifikasi pada bahan tersebut perlu dilakukan agar menghasilkan material yang bermuatan, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai membran penukar proton yang dapat diaplikasikan sebagai membran elektrolit.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Composite of Chitosan Vanilin / Sulfonated Polystyrene as Polymer Electrolyte Membranes : Cationic Exchange Capacity, Swelling Degree and Thermal Properties

Pramono¹,

Purnawan²,

Hidayat³

et al. 2016

ALCHEMY J.Pen.Kim

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ABSTRAKPenelitian preparasi dan karakterisasi membran komposit elektrolit polistirena tersulfonasi (PST)/kitosan vanilin (KV) untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi PST dan KV terhadap sifat kimia dan fisika membran telah dilakukan. Polistirena dimodifikasi melalui reaksi sulfonasi menghasilkan PST, sedangkan modifikasi kitosan melalui pembentukan basa schift menghasilkan KV. Membran komposit dibuat dengan metode kasting dan dikarakterisasi gugus fungsi yang terkandung di dalamnya, sifat Kapasitas Tukar Kation (KTK), Derajat Pengembangan (DP), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) dan morfologinya. Keberadaan puncak serapan imina pada data FTIR menunjukkan bahwa kitosan vanilin berhasil disintesis, demikian juga sulfonasi pada polistrirena muncul puncak serapan sulfonat. Hasil analisa KTK menunjukkan penambahan gugus sulfonat pada polistirena dan penambahan gugus fenolik pada kitosan meningkatkan nilai KTK. Semakin besar konsentrasi PST dan konsentrasi KV pada komposisi membran menyebabkan peningkatan nilai KTK. Sebaliknya, peningkatan konsentrasi PST pada komposisi membran menyebabkan penurunan nilai DP, sedangkan peningkatan konsentrasi KV meningkatkan nilai DP. Analisis termal menunjukkan bahwa degradasi termal membran terjadi pada tiga tahap yaitu tahap pertama pelepasan air, tahap kedua pemutusan gugus samping dan degradasi plasticizer, dan tahap ketiga yaitu pemutusan rantai utama kitosan dan polistirena. Kata kunci : kitosan vanilin, membran polimer elektrolit, polistirena tersulfonasi ABSTRACTResearch on the preparation and characterization of sulfonated polystyrene (PST)/chitosan vanillin (KV) composite as electrolyte membranes has been conducted in order to investigate the effect of PST and KV composition to its chemical and physical properties. Polystyrene was modified by sulfonation reaction to produces PST, meanwhile chitosan was modified by schift base reaction to produces KV. The composite membranes were prepared by casting method and were characterized in order to identify the functional groups contained in the composite, the cation exchange capacity (CEC), the Swelling Degree (SD), the thermal properties and the morphology. The peak of imine vibration in

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“…Activated carbon [5], carbon nano-tubes [6], sulfonated mesoporous silica [1], silica [7], and ironnickel oxide [8] are examples of inorganic materials that have been used as filler for the IEM matrix. The functions of inorganic fillers are to maintain water uptake, increase ion-exchange capacity and conductivity while retaining good mechanical and chemical stability [9]. However, the introduction of an inorganic filler into the polymer matrix should be carefully controlled to obtain a fine distribution of additives inside the membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Electrochemical and Morphological Properties of Mixed Matrix Polysulfone-Silica Anion Exchange Membrane

Khoiruddin

Wenten

2016

J. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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Abstract. Mixed matrix anion exchange membranes (AEMs) were synthesized using dry-wet phase inversion. The casting solutions were prepared by dispersing finely ground anion-exchange resin particles in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solutions of polysulfone (PSf). Subsequently, nanosilica particles were introduced into the membranes. The results show that evaporation time (t ev ) and solution composition contributed to membrane properties formation. A longer t ev produces membranes with reduced void fraction inside the membranes, thus the amount of water adsorbed and membrane conductivity are reduced. Meanwhile, the permselectivity was improved by increasing t ev , since a longer t ev produces membranes with a narrower channel for ion migration and more effective Donnan exclusion. The incorporation of 0.5 %-wt nanosilica particles into the polymer matrix led to conductivity improvement (from 2.27 to 3.41 mS.cm -1 ). This may be associated with additional pathway formation by hydroxyl groups on the silica surface that entraps water and assists ion migration. However, at further silica loading (1.0 and 1.5 %-wt), these properties decreased (to 1.9 and 1.4 mS.cm -1 respectively), which attributed to inaccessibility of ion-exchange functional groups due to membrane compactness. It was found from the results that nanosilica contributes to membrane formation (increases casting solution viscosity then reduces void fraction) and membrane functional group addition (provides hydroxyl groups).

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Mastering Sulfonation of Aromatic Polysulfones: Crucial for Membranes for Fuel Cell Application

Cited by 122 publications

References 60 publications

Electrochemical and structural characterization of sulfonated polysulfone

Electrochemical and structural characterization of sulfonated polysulfone

Composite of Chitosan Vanilin / Sulfonated Polystyrene as Polymer Electrolyte Membranes : Cationic Exchange Capacity, Swelling Degree and Thermal Properties

Investigation of Electrochemical and Morphological Properties of Mixed Matrix Polysulfone-Silica Anion Exchange Membrane

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