Mastitis, Breast Abscess, and Granulomatous Mastitis

Omranipour, Ramesh; Vasigh, Mahtab

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-41596-9_7

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare, chronic inflammatory breast lesion of unknown etiology that clinically and radiologically mimics breast cancer [ 1 ]. IGM, which was first described by Kessler and Wolloch [ 2 ] in 1972, although clinically seen in both breasts, often creates a unilateral mass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperative Fibrinogen and Hematological Indexes in the Differential Diagnosis of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis and Breast Cancer

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Studies on hematological parameters in the differential diagnosis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) and breast cancer (BC) are limited. This study investigated whether preoperative fibrinogen and hematological indexes can be used in the differential diagnosis of patients with IGM and early-onset BC. Methods: Fifty patients with BC, 55 patients with IGM, and 50 healthy volunteer women were included in the study. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the IGM and the BC with respect to fibrinogen, fibrinogen/albumin (Fib/Alb) ratio, C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte values. When fibrinogen (p < 0.001), the Fib/Alb ratio (p < 0.001), CRP (p < 0.001), WBC (p < 0.001), neutrophil (p < 0.001), NLR (p < 0.001), monocyte (p = 0.008), and 2-hour sedimentation rate (p < 0.001) were compared between the groups, the highest levels were found in the IGM group. There was a negative relationship between CRP and albumin, and a positive relationship was observed between CRP and WBC, NLR, PLR, and 2-h sedimentation rate. CRP had the highest sensitivity (95%), whereas the Fib/Alb ratio (86%) had the highest specificity. Patients with recurrent IGM had increased fibrinogen, Fib/Alb, CRP, neutrophils, NLR, and 2-h erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and decreased lymphocyte levels compared to non-recurrent patients. Conclusions: Preoperative CRP, albumin, fibrinogen, Fib/Alb, WBC, neutrophil, NLR, monocyte, and 2-h ESR have considerable potential to be early and sensitive biomarkers of IGM caused by inflammation compared to BC. These parameters also have a significant effect on the recurrence of the disease, suggesting their potential as a practical guide for the differential diagnosis of BC from IGM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperative Fibrinogen and Hematological Indexes in the Differential Diagnosis of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis and Breast Cancer

et al. 2021

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“…Mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the breast with common symptoms of pain, swelling, erythema, warmth, and fever ( 24 ). Mastitis includes two kinds, namely, puerperal mastitis and nonpuerperal mastitis ( 25 , 26 ). As with other mastitis, all types of mastitis are more common in one side, may also occur simultaneously in both sides ( 25 – 28 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: A case of acute mastitis associated with reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation after camrelizumab treatment: A new immune-related adverse event

Xiong

Feng

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality rate worldwide, and it seriously endangers human health. In recent years, immunotherapy has been widely used in lung cancer and has achieved great benefits, especially the application of promoting antitumor immune defense. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors have received increasing attention, which largely limits their use. We report the first case of new acute mastitis caused by anti-PD1 inhibitors due to lung adenocarcinoma. A 65-year-old female patient came to our hospital for treatment with cough and shortness of breath for one month. Chest CT showed that the malignant tumor in the lower lobe of the right lung with pleural effusion had metastasized to many places, and then pleural effusion was taken for pathological examination. Pathological examination indicated that the pleural fluid originated from lung adenocarcinoma. Subsequently, the patient received platinum-containing dual-agent chemotherapy (carboplatin and pemetrexed disodium) combined with immunotherapy (camrelizumab). During treatment, the patient developed known adverse events and unreported acute mastitis. After stopping camrelizumab, the patient’s mastitis gradually improved. Our case shows that acute mastitis might be a new adverse event after the use of camrelizumab. Since this new adverse event has not been reported, we hope that oncology medical workers can obtain insight from our case and use it as a reference for the identification and management of irAEs.

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“…The rapid release AGING of a large number of inflammatory mediators will break the balance beyond the mammary immune system, recruit a large number of neutrophils, lead to the damage of mammary cell function and mammary gland damage [24,25]. On the other hand, inflammatory mediators stimulate mammary duct swelling, resulting in milk stasis, and then aggravate the inflammatory response of the mammary gland [26]. Therefore, effective inhibition of inflammatory cytokine levels is beneficial to alleviate the symptoms of mastitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedunculoside protects against LPS-induced mastitis in mice by inhibiting inflammation and maintaining the integrity of blood-milk barrier

Kan

Huang

et al. 2021

Aging

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Mastitis is a disease that seriously threatens the health of the mammary gland after delivery. Pedunculoside (PE) is the main bioactive component of Aquifoliaceae. The purpose of this experiment is to explore the effects of PE on mastitis and its underlying mechanisms. Our research results showed that PE could significantly inhibit the increase in the levels of inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, MPO and iNOS during mastitis. Mechanism studies have found that PE could significantly inhibit the phosphorylation of AKT protein and binds to the ASP-184 site. Further research found that PE also inhibited the activation of AKT's downstream proinflammatory signals NF-κB and MAPK. In addition, PE effectively promote the expression of tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-3 during inflammation, maintaining the integrity of the blood-milk barrier. In summary, our research shows that PE inhibits the phosphorylation of AKT/NF-κB and MAPK signals; It also relieves mastitis by repairing the blood-milk barrier.

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Mastitis, Breast Abscess, and Granulomatous Mastitis

Cited by 29 publications

References 43 publications

Preoperative Fibrinogen and Hematological Indexes in the Differential Diagnosis of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis and Breast Cancer

Preoperative Fibrinogen and Hematological Indexes in the Differential Diagnosis of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis and Breast Cancer

Case report: A case of acute mastitis associated with reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation after camrelizumab treatment: A new immune-related adverse event

Pedunculoside protects against LPS-induced mastitis in mice by inhibiting inflammation and maintaining the integrity of blood-milk barrier

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