Mastoid Process – A Tool for Sex Determination, an Anatomical Study in South Indian Skulls

Sharma, Bhagya B.; Nidugala, Hema; Avadhani, Ramakrishna

doi:10.7439/ijbr.v4i2.202

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The asterion-mastoidale distance has achieved greatest accuracy in sex classification in samples from North India (Saini et al, 2012), Thailand (Manoonpol and Plakornkul, 2012) and Nigeria (Jaja et al, 2013). The mastoidale-porion distance provided the best classification rates for a population from southern India (n 5 80), yielding 100/ 80% correctly classified females/males using a stepwise method (Sharma et al, 2013). In Thais (n 5 150), it achieved 77% average accuracy, while in Nigerians (n 5 102) it correctly classified 86% females and 45% males.…”

Section: Metric Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Mastoid width performed best for Japanese crania (n 5 87), achieving 92% and 86% correct classifications for females and males respectively (Nagaoka et al, 2008). The mastoidale-porion distance provided the best classification rates for a population from southern India (n 5 80), yielding 100/ 80% correctly classified females/males using a stepwise method (Sharma et al, 2013). For Europeans and Brazilians, mastoid process measurements have not proved very accurate.…”

Section: Metric Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating sexual dimorphism in the human mastoid process: A viewpoint on the methodology

et al. 2015

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The mastoid process is one of the most sexually dimorphic features in the human skull, and is therefore often used to identify the sex of skeletons. Numerous techniques for assessing variation in the size and shape of the mastoid process have been proposed and implemented in osteological research, but its complex form still presents difficulties for consistent and effective analysis. In this article, we compare the different techniques and variables that have been used to define, measure, and visually score sexual dimorphism in the mastoid process. We argue that the current protocols fail to capture the full morphological range of this bony projection, and suggest ways of improving and standardizing them, regarding both traditional and 3D-based approaches.

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Section: Metric Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Metric Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating sexual dimorphism in the human mastoid process: A viewpoint on the methodology

et al. 2015

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“…Despite the limitations mentioned above, the mastoid process often is used in anthropological and bioarchaeological studies that evaluate cranial sexual dimorphism, either by validating existing methods on different populations (Buran et al, 2018; Franklin et al, 2005b; Galdames et al, 2008; Gangrade et al, 2013; Jaja et al, 2013; Kanchan et al, 2013; Kittoe et al, 2012; Madadin et al, 2015; Manoonpol and Plakornkul, 2012; Sujarittham et al, 2011) or developing new ones (Abdel Fatah et al, 2014; Amin et al, 2015; de Paiva and Segre, 2003; Jung and Woo, 2016; Langley et al, 2017; Nagaoka et al, 2008; Sharma et al, 2013; Stevenson et al, 2009; Sumati et al, 2010). Mastoid length is also among the features included in the FORDISC software for sex/ancestry group classification (Jantz and Ousley, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dimorphism in mastoid process volumes measured from 3D models of dry crania from medieval Croatia

Petaros

Sholts

Čavka

et al. 2021

Preprint

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ABSTRACT3D analysis of skeletal volumes has become an important field in digital anthropology studies. The volume of the mastoid process has been proposed to display significant sexual dimorphism, but it has a complex shape and to date no study has quantified the full mastoid volume for sex estimation purposes. In this study we compared three different ways to isolate the volume of the mastoid process from digital 3D models of dry crania, and then evaluated the performance of the three different volume definitions for sex estimation purposes. A total of 170 crania (86 male, 84 females) excavated from five medieval Croatian sites were CT-scanned and used to produce 3D stereolitographic models. The three different isolation techniques were based on various anatomical landmarks and planes, as well as the anatomy of the mastoid process itself. Measurements of the three different mastoid volumes yielded different accuracies and precisions. Interestingly, anatomical structures were sometimes more useful than classical landmarks as demarcators of mastoid volume. For all three volume definitions, male mastoid volumes were significantly larger than female volumes, in both relative and absolute numbers. Sex estimation based on mastoid volume showed a slightly higher precision and better accuracy (71 % correct classifications) than visual scoring techniques (67 %) and linear distance measurements (69 %) of the mastoid process. Sex estimation based on cranial size performed even better (78 %), and multifactorial analysis (skull size + mastoid volume) reached up to 81% accuracy. These results show that measurements of the mastoid volume represent a promising metric to be used in multifactorial approaches for sex estimation of human remains.

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“…The superior border of the mastoid process of the temporal bone articulates with the parietal bone. The posterior border articulates with the occipital bone, and the anterior border is merged with the descending portion of the squamous segment of the temporal bone (galdames, Matamala and Smith, 2008;Sharma, nidugala and avadhani, 2013). determination of sex in fragmented remains is often a difficult task, as no isolated characteristic of any specific bone can perfectly decide the sex of a skeleton.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, a petrous part of temporal bone is proof against destruction and damage such as burning (Sumati et al, 2010;geethika and Thenmozhi, 2016). The mastoid process is favorable for sex determination as it's one of the most protected vicinity and proof against harm because of its anatomical position at the bottom of the skull (galdames, Matamala and Smith, 2008;Sharma, nidugala and avadhani, 2013;Passey et al, 2015;dofe et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteometric Measurements of Intermastoid Distance for Gender Determination

V¹

2020

Biosci. Biotech. Res. Comm

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The mastoid process is a bony pyramidal projection from the posterior section of the temporal bone. The superior border of the mastoid process of the temporal bone articulates with the parietal bone. The posterior border articulates with the occipital bone, and the anterior border is merged with the descending portion of the squamous segment of the temporal bone. The aim of the study is to determine the gender using the measurement of intermastoid distance. This study was conducted among 30 boys and 30 girls who were studying Ist year in Saveetha dental college of age 18 to 20. The measurement of intermastoid distance was taken using the spreading caliber. The measurements were tabulated systemically. Then by using an unpaired t-test calculator, the T-value and P-value of the study is calculated. The study concludes that the gender can be determined by using the measurements of intermastoid distance.

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Mastoid Process – A Tool for Sex Determination, an Anatomical Study in South Indian Skulls

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Evaluating sexual dimorphism in the human mastoid process: A viewpoint on the methodology

Evaluating sexual dimorphism in the human mastoid process: A viewpoint on the methodology

Sexual dimorphism in mastoid process volumes measured from 3D models of dry crania from medieval Croatia

Osteometric Measurements of Intermastoid Distance for Gender Determination

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