Matching the non-equilibrium initial stage of heavy ion collisions to hydrodynamics with QCD kinetic theory

Abstract

In the collision of nuclei at high energies the produced matter reinteracts and forms a plasma which ultimately equilibrates and exhibits collective hydrodynamic flow. While a general theory of the equilibration process has been outlined previously, there were no practical frameworks to smoothly connect the early gluon production in classical field simulations with hydrodynamic simulations of the late time plasma expansion. We provide this practical tool (called KøMPøST) by constructing a set of non-equilibrium Green functions calculated in QCD kinetic theory. We demonstrate with a realistic simulation of a heavy ion collisions the smooth transition from the classical fields to hydrodynamics, and calculate the pragmatic lower bound on the system size for the hydrodynamics to be applicable.

Proper static potential in classical lattice gauge theory at finite T

“…In contrast to the earliest moments of the universe, a heavy-ion collision produces energetic debris that are not in static thermal equilibrium (for selected perspectives see, e.g., refs. [3][4][5][6][7] and references therein). At the time of incident, hard partonic scatterings may convert the vast amounts of kinetic energy of the incoming projectiles into particles with high velocity or large masses (compared e.g.…”