Material characterization of a composite–foam sandwich for the front structure of a high speed train

Belingardi, Giovanni; Cavatorta, Maria Pia; Duella, R.

doi:10.1016/s0263-8223(03)00028-x

Cited by 125 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The main benefits of using this particular lay-up are the high stiffness and strength to weight ratios, and greatly increased flexural strength and stiffness. Fiber reinforced composite sandwich materials are extensively used in structural applications mainly because of their relative advantages over other structural materials in terms of improved stability, weight savings, and ease of manufacture and repair [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage Classification of Sandwich Composites Using Acoustic Emission Technique and k-means Genetic Algorithm

et al. 2014

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage Classification of Sandwich Composites Using Acoustic Emission Technique and k-means Genetic Algorithm

et al. 2014

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“…Figure 11 reports the DI and the DD values for impact tests performed on 4.50 mm glass-epoxy laminates [12]. The range of the penetration process is only a few Joules, however the DI once again permits to differentiate between the two energy thresholds, signalling laminate penetration with an abrupt growth of the DI and reaching the value of one at perforation.…”

Section: Vs Dd: Analysis Of Impact Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A new damage index to monitor the range of the penetration process in thick laminates

Belingardi

Cavatorta

Paolino

2008

Composites Science and Technology

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A damage variable (damage degree DD) representing the ratio between the absorbed energy and the impact energy was introduced in 1998 by Belingardi and Vadori to assess damage accumulation caused by low-velocity impacts. More recently, repeated impact tests carried out on thick laminates pointed out the significance and extent of the penetration process in thick laminates, which the DD is unable to monitor as, by definition, it reaches the value of one at penetration to remain unchanged over the entire penetration process. In the present paper, a new damage variable (damage index DI) is proposed to overcome shortcomings of the DD with respect to thick laminates. By introducing the displacement of the impactor into the definition of the DI, the depth of the penetration process is taken into account. Normalization by the displacement of the quasi-static perforation test allows for a non-dimensional damage variable which is shown to reach the value of one at perforation. Validity of the approach is proven against impact data obtained for different fibre-matrix architectures and laminate thickness. Results show that the DI can effectively differentiate between penetration and perforation thresholds, increasing monotonically within the range of the penetration process. In particular, the DI is shown to increase linearly with the impact energy up to penetration and to rise quite abruptly within the range of the penetration process. Results for repeated impact tests prove that at first the DI increases quite linearly impact after impact, owing to a steady accumulation of damage. A few impacts before penetration a sudden rise in the DI value points out a change in the rate of damage accumulation.

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“…A few of such studies explored the behavior of structures against high velocity impact (Nasirzadeh and Sabet 2014). The majority of studies focused on sandwich structures with honeycomb or PVC core in order to identify failure load, ballistic limit velocity, penetration energy and the extent of damage zone caused by collision with a projectile (Belingardi, Cavatorta et al 2003). Goldsmith and Sackman (1992) conducted experimental studies on sandwich structures with honeycomb core and composite facesheets under static and dynamic loadings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Empirical Study on Ballistic Resistance of Sandwich Targets with Aluminum Facesheets and Composite Core

Nia

Ranjbarzadeh

Kazemi

2017

Lat. Am. j. solids struct.

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This study attempted to examine the ballistic resistance of sandwich structures with aluminum facesheets, polyurethane core and polyurethane foam reinforced with aluminum pins. The main focus was on the effect of variations in density of core foam and the effect of adding different percentages of aluminum pins on energy absorption and ballistic resistance of sandwich structures under the impact of blunt and conical nose projectiles at high velocities (170 to 260 m/s). The results firstly demonstrated that any increase in the density of foam led to greater energy absorption. Secondly, the ballistic limit of sandwich structures with composite core was more than the foam core by 18 percent. Thirdly, the use of aluminum pins not only enhanced core resistance, but also altered the shape of damage and energy absorption in the rear facesheet. Finally, the ballistic limit of blunt projectile was greater than that of conical nose projectile.

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Material characterization of a composite–foam sandwich for the front structure of a high speed train

Cited by 125 publications

References 13 publications

Damage Classification of Sandwich Composites Using Acoustic Emission Technique and k-means Genetic Algorithm

Damage Classification of Sandwich Composites Using Acoustic Emission Technique and k-means Genetic Algorithm

A new damage index to monitor the range of the penetration process in thick laminates

An Empirical Study on Ballistic Resistance of Sandwich Targets with Aluminum Facesheets and Composite Core

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