Material Selection/Fabrication Issues for Thermoplastic Fiber Placement

Sharp, R.E.; Holmes, Scott T.; Woodall, Cindy

doi:10.1177/089270579500800102

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…30 The aromatic polymer composite (APC-2) is the very common trade name used by Cytec for CF/PEEK tapes. APC-2/AS4 was used extensively, 18,24,27,30,35,44 –47,56,60 –67,70,75,77 –79,82,83,85,91 –123 whereas other APC-2 versions were less investigated, such as APC-2/IM6 124,125 and APC-2/lM7. 72,73 Many of these tapes/tows had a narrow width of 6.35 mm (0.25 in).…”

Section: Materials Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of thermoplastic matrix composites through automated fiber placement and tape laying methods

Yassin

Hojjati

2017

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

117

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Fiber-reinforced composite materials are replacing metallic components due to their higher specific strength and stiffness. Automation and thermoplastics emerged to overcome the time and labor intensive manual techniques and the long curing cycles associated with processing thermoset-based composites. Thermoplastics are processed through fusion bonding which involves applying heat and pressure at the interface. Together with automated techniques (such as automated fiber placement, and automated tape laying), a fast, clean, out-of-autoclave, and automated process can be obtained. A detailed review of thermoplastic composites processing through automated methods is presented. It sheds the light on the materials used and the different heat sources incorporated with the pros and cons of each, with concentration mainly on hot gas torch, laser, and ultrasonic heating. A thorough illustration of the several mechanisms involved in a tow/tape placement process is tackled such as heat transfer, intimate contact development, molecular interdiffusion, void consolidation and growth, thermal degradation, crystallization, and so on. Few gaps and recommendations are included related to materials, laser heat source, heat transfer model, and the use of silicone rubber rollers. A review of optimization studies for tape placement processes is summarized including the main controllable variables and product quality parameters (or responses), with some of the major findings for laser and hot gas torch systems being presented. Both mechanical and physical characterizations are also reviewed including several testing techniques such as short beam shear, double cantilever beam, lap shear, wedge peel, differential scanning calorimetry, and so on. Challenges, however, still exist, such as achieving the autoclave-level mechanical properties and complying with the porosity levels required by the aerospace industry. More work is still necessary to overcome these challenges as well as increase the throughput of the process before it can be totally commercialized.

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Section: Materials Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of thermoplastic matrix composites through automated fiber placement and tape laying methods

Yassin

Hojjati

2017

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

117

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“…Therefore, it became important to develop manufacturing process of composites adapted for a fully automated production line . Automated tape laying (ATL) and automated fiber placement (AFP) are two technics developed for this purpose . These processes use prepregs in which reinforcements are already impregnated with the matrix and possibly prepolymerized to allow easy handling .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full control of polymer properties during the two‐stage on‐demand free‐radical photopolymerization of fiber‐reinforced polymers

Pierrel

Ibrahim

Croutxé‐Barghorn

et al. 2019

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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The effect of a two‐step free‐radical photopolymerization of an acrylate resin on the polymer properties in the presence of glass fibers is studied. It is found that a first irradiation leading to a partial conversion is effective for the fabrication of a preimpregnated glass‐fiber composite, which can be further processed and fully polymerized through a second irradiation. DMA analysis evidences the formation of a first relatively soft polymer embedding unreacted double bonds during the preirradiation. Further process allows the completion of the photopolymerization together with a reinforcement of the polymer network. This obviously affects the final mechanical properties of the photocomposite. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1440–1447

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“…That study concentrated on tape placement and several carbon reinforced thermoplastics were examined including PPS, PEI, PEEK, and PEKK, and a number of cylinders were tested [4][5][6]. Further details of the thermoplastic composite tape placement technique were presented recently [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These have generally been for military applications, so few published details are available, but a special issue of this journal presented results from a US Navy study financed by what was then DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency). That study concentrated on tape placement and several carbon reinforced thermoplastics were examined including PPS, PEI, PEEK, and PEKK, and a number of cylinders were tested [4][5][6]. Further details of the thermoplastic composite tape placement technique were presented recently [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoplastic Composite Cylinders for Underwater Applications

Davies

Riou

Mazéas

et al. 2005

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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A study of thermoplastic matrix composites has been performed to investigate their use in underwater applications such as oceanography, submarine, and sub-sea offshore structures. This article first presents six candidate materials. Results from simple mechanical and seawater aging screening tests on flat specimens are then described. Glass/epoxy and carbon/epoxy composites are used as reference materials. Two materials emerged from this process, glass/PEI and carbon/PEEK. Cylinders of both were manufactured and subjected to hydrostatic pressure tests, and results are compared to those for glass/epoxy and carbon/epoxy cylinders of similar geometry. The carbon/PEEK material appeared most promising. It resisted pressures in excess of 90 MPa and was retained for damage tolerance assessment studies. Drop weight impact damage zones were smaller in carbon/PEEK than carbon/epoxy for the same impact energies but the loss in residual collapse strength was more rapid in the thermoplastic composite. This was attributed to a change in failure mode, impact damage initiated a local buckling failure.

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Material Selection/Fabrication Issues for Thermoplastic Fiber Placement

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Processing of thermoplastic matrix composites through automated fiber placement and tape laying methods

Processing of thermoplastic matrix composites through automated fiber placement and tape laying methods

Full control of polymer properties during the two‐stage on‐demand free‐radical photopolymerization of fiber‐reinforced polymers

Thermoplastic Composite Cylinders for Underwater Applications

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