Materialism, Body Surveillance, Body Shame, and Body Dissatisfaction: Testing a Mediational Model

Sun, Qingqing

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02088

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Consequently, as Gruenfeld et al (2008) proposed, having power could enhance objectification and partner objectification as well as sexually coercive behaviors, whereas lacking power could be related to the incapacity to reject unwanted sex after being objectified by a partner. A variable other than the direct or behavioral effects of interpersonal or partner objectification that could be added into future studies could be the emotions and cognitions (inferences) women feel after being objectified, specifically because a previous work has shown the negative association between body surveillance and dissatisfaction because of body shame (Sun, 2018).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Detrimental Effect of Sexual Objectification on Targets’ and Perpetrators’ Sexual Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Sexual Coercion

et al. 2019

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Sexual objectification is a variable to consider for understanding the sexual violence that takes place into intimate context. The set of studies presented here aims to connect sexual objectification phenomena with sexual coercion and explore the consequences that both have on sexual satisfaction. Two studies examined the association between sexual objectification and sexual satisfaction for both views: female target (Study 1) and male perpetrator (Study 2) perspectives. The results of the first study (n = 138 heterosexual women) demonstrated that perceiving partner objectification (but not reporting general sexual objectification victimization) is indirectly linked to a lower sexual satisfaction because of lower rejection and higher sexual coercion rates. The second study (n = 136 heterosexual men) showed the indirect effect of partner objectification and general sexual objectification perpetration on sexual satisfaction after sexual coercion perpetration. Results of both studies demonstrated the negative consequences that sexual objectification has on sexual satisfaction for both male perpetrators and female targets.

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Section: Limitations and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Detrimental Effect of Sexual Objectification on Targets’ and Perpetrators’ Sexual Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Sexual Coercion

et al. 2019

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“…The former is related to persistent negative feelings and thoughts about one’s body when it is not consistent with sociocultural standards [ 19 ], while perfectionism is often associated with unrealistically high expectations and overly critical self-assessments [ 20 ]. With reference to the abovementioned outcomes, earlier studies indicated that: (a) body dissatisfaction and body image avoidant behaviours are strongly related to body shame [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]; and (b) the greater the maladaptive perfectionism, the higher the negative body image [ 25 , 26 ]. Referring to point b above, it is worth noting that research so far has not focused directly on the relationship between perfectionism and body shame, and as we know, unrealistic expectations held by children and adolescents and an overly critical attitude toward oneself may significantly disturb their psychological functioning [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Referring to point b above, it is worth noting that research so far has not focused directly on the relationship between perfectionism and body shame, and as we know, unrealistic expectations held by children and adolescents and an overly critical attitude toward oneself may significantly disturb their psychological functioning [ 27 , 28 ]. However, it can be concluded that a negative cognitive attitude toward one’s body may promote the tendency to avoid dealing with one’s body as well as increase negative emotions toward one’s body (including fear and shame), and that the at-risk group may be people with a strong perfectionist tendency (for whom it is extremely important to meet societal expectations and achieve set standards in many areas of life) [ 1 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Importantly, however, most of the abovementioned studies have been conducted in adults and have not considered the dyadic perspective in explaining child and adolescent functioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyadic Predictors of Child Body Shame in a Polish and Italian Sample

Czepczor-Bernat

Modrzejewska

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The present study aimed at assessing the predictors (related to the functioning of a parent-child dyad) of child body shame. Therefore, in the main analysis we examined relationships among child body shame, child perfectionism, child body dissatisfaction, parent body shame, parent perfectionism, and parent body dissatisfaction. In our main hypothesis we assumed that higher levels of the abovementioned parent functioning-related variables would be associated with higher child body shame after accounting for the effects of the foregoing child functioning-related variables. The analysis finally included complete data from 420 participants, i.e., a 115 Polish and 95 Italian parent-child dyad. Participants completed: (a) child: the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale for Youth, the Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale, the Children’s Body Image Scale/the Figure Rating Scale; (b) parent: the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale, the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and the Contour Drawing Rating Scale. The results of a correlational analysis show that in both the Polish and Italian samples, the higher the level of child body shame, the higher the level of the following variables: child perfectionism, child body dissatisfaction, parent perfectionism, and parent body dissatisfaction. Interestingly, the only insignificant relationship in both samples is the association between body shame in both members of the child-parent dyad. Moreover, all steps of the regressions were significant in both Polish and Italian samples. It turned out that only in the Italian sample were all predictors significantly associated with a child’s body shame (in the Polish sample there was no significant association between child’s body shame and parent’s perfectionism). To sum up, the above studies show the importance of considering the functioning of the parent-child dyad in understanding child body shame. These findings suggest that parents' attitudes toward their bodies and their beliefs about an ideal self should be taken into account when planning interventions to improve children’s and adolescents’ attitudes toward their bodies. This is so because it is possible for children to internalize their parents’ beliefs about how to look and how critical one should be of themselves, which can result in strong body shame when they are not perfect enough against the internalized ideal. Therefore, it is also necessary to make parents aware that children’s attitude toward their body is often a reflection of parents’ attitude toward the body.

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“…For example, item four was excluded because of its content, since people who experienced body shame do not simply feel dissatisfied with their bodies. They feel contemptuous of their body and wants to change it at any cost [1,32,33]. After modifications, refined reduced models showed adequate estimates of validity and reliability; therefore, they were considered the most appropriate for the data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the factorial model of a scale developed to assess body satisfaction in the Brazilian context: a study with people 18 to 40 years old

Silva

Marôco²,

Campos

2021

Eat Weight Disord

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Purpose Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to investigate an instrument developed to assess body satisfaction of Brazilian women and men and to identify participants' body satisfaction level. Methods Brazilian young adults completed the Body Satisfaction Situational Scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire. A total of 1481 individuals (female = 1035; male = 446) aged between 18 and 40 years old participated in the study. Factorial, convergent and discriminant validity and reliability were evaluated. An invariance test was performed across sexes using multi-group analysis. The prevalence of body satisfaction among participants was calculated using the final models of the instrument. Results The complete model of the scale (23 items and four factors) was invariant across sexes, but it did not fit the samples even after refinement. Therefore, a theoretical investigation of the scale content was performed based on literature. Thus, a reduced model composed of two factors and ten items was found for each sex. These models showed good validity and reliability to independent samples. About prevalence, most of the women were not at all satisfied with body fat and most of the men were slightly satisfied with body musculature. Further, women and men were moderately satisfied with their face, hair, and skin. Conclusion A reduced model of the instrument for women and another for men showed adequate indices of construct validity and reliability to samples. The most participants were not very satisfied with their bodies. The results can be useful to develop protocols aiming to promote body satisfaction. Level of evidence Level V, descriptive cross-sectional study.

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Materialism, Body Surveillance, Body Shame, and Body Dissatisfaction: Testing a Mediational Model

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

The Detrimental Effect of Sexual Objectification on Targets’ and Perpetrators’ Sexual Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Sexual Coercion

The Detrimental Effect of Sexual Objectification on Targets’ and Perpetrators’ Sexual Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Sexual Coercion

Dyadic Predictors of Child Body Shame in a Polish and Italian Sample

Examination of the factorial model of a scale developed to assess body satisfaction in the Brazilian context: a study with people 18 to 40 years old

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