Materials and devices for immersive virtual reality

Pyun, Kyung Rok; Rogers, John A.; Ko, Seung Hwan

doi:10.1038/s41578-022-00501-5

Cited by 65 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The basic functions of fibers and textiles are to cover and protect our body, which necessitates adequate comfort and breathability. With the advent of synthetic fibers and modification techniques, textiles now feature various functionalities such as antibacterial, ultraviolet (UV) protecting, water repellent, fast drying, self-cleaning, and flame-retardant. − Combining fibers and textiles with semiconducting polymers enhances their future application potential, which integrates with multiple technologies, such as energy conversion and storage, communications, electronics, and interactive design. , Recently, with the development of artificial intelligence and augmented reality, the importance of wearable electronics research has been elevated to a new level. − In an ideal situation, wearable electronics are placed close to or on the surface of the skin, where they may collect, analyze, and transmit information from the human body or the environment, in some cases even allowing immediate feedback, without human intervention . Accordingly, semiconducting polymer based fiber and textile devices have been considered to perform sensing, computing, communicating, and other functions, in addition to their seamless integration into daily wear, making them an ideal material platform for wearable electronics. , …”

Section: Applications and Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Fiber Electronics Based on Semiconducting Polymer

et al. 2023

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Fibers, originating from nature and mastered by human, have woven their way throughout the entire history of human civilization. Recent developments in semiconducting polymer materials have further endowed fibers and textiles with various electronic functions, which are attractive in applications such as information interfacing, personalized medicine, and clean energy. Owing to their ability to be easily integrated into daily life, soft fiber electronics based on semiconducting polymers have gained popularity recently for wearable and implantable applications. Herein, we present a review of the previous and current progress in semiconducting polymer-based fiber electronics, particularly focusing on smart-wearable and implantable areas. First, we provide a brief overview of semiconducting polymers from the viewpoint of materials based on the basic concepts and functionality requirements of different devices. Then we analyze the existing applications and associated devices such as information interfaces, healthcare and medicine, and energy conversion and storage. The working principle and performance of semiconducting polymer-based fiber devices are summarized. Furthermore, we focus on the fabrication techniques of fiber devices. Based on the continuous fabrication of one-dimensional fiber and yarn, we introduce two-and three-dimensional fabric fabricating methods. Finally, we review challenges and relevant perspectives and potential solutions to address the related problems.

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Section: Applications and Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Fiber Electronics Based on Semiconducting Polymer

et al. 2023

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“…Further material development, long-term stability, and system integration are critical requirements for the advancement of this field. However, transparent and soft wearable electronics offer a promising research direction for the integration of wearable electronics with humans, blurring the distinction between the virtual world and the real world and offering numerous applications in the future …”

Section: Challenge and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transparent Electronics for Wearable Electronics Application

Won,

Bang,

Choi

et al. 2023

Chem. Rev.

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113

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Recent advancements in wearable electronics offer seamless integration with the human body for extracting various biophysical and biochemical information for real-time health monitoring, clinical diagnostics, and augmented reality. Enormous efforts have been dedicated to imparting stretchability/flexibility and softness to electronic devices through materials science and structural modifications that enable stable and comfortable integration of these devices with the curvilinear and soft human body. However, the optical properties of these devices are still in the early stages of consideration. By incorporating transparency, visual information from interfacing biological systems can be preserved and utilized for comprehensive clinical diagnosis with image analysis techniques. Additionally, transparency provides optical imperceptibility, alleviating reluctance to wear the device on exposed skin. This review discusses the recent advancement of transparent wearable electronics in a comprehensive way that includes materials, processing, devices, and applications. Materials for transparent wearable electronics are discussed regarding their characteristics, synthesis, and engineering strategies for property enhancements. We also examine bridging techniques for stable integration with the soft human body. Building blocks for wearable electronic systems, including sensors, energy devices, actuators, and displays, are discussed with their mechanisms and performances. Lastly, we summarize the potential applications and conclude with the remaining challenges and prospects.

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“…Flexible electronics refer to electronic components and electronic devices that possess great potential for applications in portable electronics, [1][2][3][4][5] smart healthcare, [6][7][8][9][10] human-machine interfaces, [11][12][13][14] and soft robotics. [15][16][17] The increasing demand for flexibility, light weight, biocompatibility, low cost, and easy manufacturing has prompted the emergence of plastic…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Flexible Electronics: Natural Materials, Fabrication, and Applications

et al. 2023

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The emergence of plastic electronics satisfies the increasing demand for flexible electronics. However, it has caused severe ecological problems. Flexible electronics based on natural materials are increasing to hopefully realize the “green” and eco‐friendly concept. Herein, recent advances in the design and fabrication of green flexible electronics are reviewed. First, this review comprehensively introduces various natural materials and derivatives, focusing particularly on fibroin and silk, wood and paper, plants, and biomass. Second, fabrication techniques for modifying natural materials, including physical and chemical methods, are presented, after which their merits and demerits are thoroughly discussed. Green flexible electronics based on natural materials, comprising electrical wires/electrodes, antennas, thermal management devices, transistors, memristors, sensors, energy‐harvesting devices, energy‐storage devices, displays, actuators, electromagnetic shielding, and integration systems, are described in detail. Finally, perspectives on the existing challenges and opportunities to employ natural materials in green flexible electronics are presented.

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Materials and devices for immersive virtual reality

Cited by 65 publications

References 5 publications

Soft Fiber Electronics Based on Semiconducting Polymer

Soft Fiber Electronics Based on Semiconducting Polymer

Transparent Electronics for Wearable Electronics Application

Green Flexible Electronics: Natural Materials, Fabrication, and Applications

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