Materials design data for reduced activation martensitic steel type EUROFER

Tavassoli, A.A.; Alamo, A.; Bedel, L.; Forest, Laurent; Gentzbittel, J.M.; Rensman, J.W.; Diegele, E.; Lindau, R.; Schirra, M.; Schmitt, Robert G.; Schneider, Holger; Petersen, C.; Lancha, A.M.; Fernández, P.; Filacchioni, G.; Maday, Marie-Françoise; Mergia, K.; Boukos, N.; Baluc,; Spätig, P.; Alves, E.; Lucon, Enrico

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.020

Cited by 124 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Extensive studies of the properties of these materials have been carried out [6][7][8][9][10][11]. The most complicated problem is to investigate their radiation resistance, especially at high displacement damage doses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of microstructure in advanced ferritic-martensitic steels under irradiation: the origin of low temperature radiation embrittlement

et al. 2016

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Advanced reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steels and oxide dispersion-strengthened steels exhibit significant radiation embrittlement under low temperature neutron irradiation. In this study we focused on atom probe tomography (APT) of Eurofer97 and ODS Eurofer steels irradiated with neutrons and heavy ions at low temperatures. Previous TEM studies revealed dislocation loops in the neutron-irradiated f\m steels. At the same time, our APT showed early stages of solid solution decomposition. High density (10 24 m -3 ) of ~3-5 nm clusters enriched in chromium, manganese, and silicon atoms were found in Eurofer 97 irradiated in BOR-60 reactor to 32 dpa at 332°C. In this steel irradiated with Fe ions up to the dose of 24 dpa, pair correlation functions calculated using APT data showed the presence of Cr-enriched pre-phases.APT study of ODS Eurofer found a significant change in the nanocluster composition after neutron irradiation to 32 dpa at 330 °C and an increase in cluster number density. APT of ODS steels irradiated with Fe ions at low temperatures revealed similar changes in nanoclusters.These results suggest that irradiation-induced nucleation and evolution of very small precipitates may be the origin of low temperature radiation embrittlement of f\m steels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of microstructure in advanced ferritic-martensitic steels under irradiation: the origin of low temperature radiation embrittlement

et al. 2016

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“…1, it must be reiterated that to the best of the present authors' knowledge not much data with regard to thermodynamic quantities of high chromiumreduced activation steels are available in the open literature [30][31][32]. In particular, we could not come across any drop calorimetry-based steady-state measurements of thermal quantities on this advanced fusion reactor material.…”

Section: General Pointsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…4 Comparison of C p of the reduced activation steel (RAFM) estimated in this study from present drop calorimetry enthalpy measurements with the literature data on Eurofer 97 and F82H [30][31][32] a systematic property database on many emerging nuclear structural materials. Thus, two popular reduced activation steel grades, Eurofer 97 and F82H, have been extensively researched in the past and recommendations have already been drawn for their physical and mechanical properties [30][31][32]. The chemical compositions of these two steels are fairly similar (but not identical) to the RAFM steel used in this study.…”

Section: General Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drop Calorimetry Studies on 9Cr–1W–0.23V–0.06Ta–0.09C Reduced Activation Steel

et al. 2010

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The temperature dependence of enthalpy increment (H T − H 298 ) of 9 mass% Cr-1 mass% W-0.23 mass% V-0.06 mass% Ta-0.09 mass% C reduced activation steel has been measured by inverse drop calorimetry in the temperature range 400 K to 1273 K. A critical comparison of present isothermal enthalpy measurements with the results of our previous dynamic calorimetry studies has been made to reveal clearly the occurrence of various diffusional phase transformations that occur at high temperature. These phase changes are marked by the presence of distinct inflections or cusps in an overall nonlinear variation of enthalpy values with temperature. The principal thermal relaxation step of the martensitic microstructure obtained through quenching from the high-temperature γ -austenite phase is observed around 793 K. The ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic transition of the α-ferrite phase is found to occur at 1015 K. The equilibrium values of γ -austenite start (Ae 1 ) and finish (Ae 3 ) temperatures are found to be 1063 K and 1148 K, respectively. A value of 12 J · g −1 has been estimated for • H α→γ the latent heat associated with the α → γ transformation. The measured enthalpy increment variation of the α-ferrite phase with temperature has been fitted to a suitable empirical function to estimate the temperature-dependent values of the specific heat. A comparison of the drop calorimetry-based indirect estimate of the specific heat with the direct differential scanning calorimetry-based values revealed that the drop calorimetry estimates are systematically lower than its dynamic calorimetry counterpart. This difference is attributed to the fact that, under finite heating rate conditions that are typical of dynamic calorimetry, measurements 123 400 Int J Thermophys (2010) 31:399-415 are made under nonequilibrium conditions. Notwithstanding this limitation, there is a good overall agreement between the two C p values and also among the phase transformation temperatures so that a reliable assessment of thermal properties and phase transformation characteristics of reduced activation steel can be determined by a combined analysis of the results of drop and differential scanning calorimetry.

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“…The most demanding materials in the design of a future fusion nuclear reactor are high-temperature structural materials having a stable and radiation resistant microstructure, good mechanical properties at high temperatures, a good thermal conductivity, and reduced activation [1][2][3]. Reduced-activation-ferritic-martensitic (RAFM) steels are being considered for building the blanket structure and first wall components, where the higher operating temperature might be between 550 and 650°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain boundary misorientation and positron annihilation characteristics in steel Eurofer processed by equal channel angular pressing

et al. 2014

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Electron back-scattered diffraction and positron annihilation lifetime measurements were performed on the ferritic-martensitic 9 %Cr Eurofer steel processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) at 550°C. The orientation imaging mapping images reveal ECAP-induced changes toward a more stable texture via rotation around h111i and h110i axes. These are accompanied by transformation of martensite into ferrite and a remarkable change in the bimodal distribution of grain misorientations with reduction of the fraction of high-angle grain boundaries. The positron annihilation measurements evidence the release of vacancies retained in the ECAP-processed material and their clustering into nanovoids in samples heat treated at T C 500°C. It is found that tensile strain applied at 600°C can inhibit this void formation in the ECAPdeformed material for 1 and 2 passes, but not in the case of 4 passes. A model for accounting the results is proposed.

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Materials design data for reduced activation martensitic steel type EUROFER

Cited by 124 publications

References 6 publications

Evolution of microstructure in advanced ferritic-martensitic steels under irradiation: the origin of low temperature radiation embrittlement

Evolution of microstructure in advanced ferritic-martensitic steels under irradiation: the origin of low temperature radiation embrittlement

Drop Calorimetry Studies on 9Cr–1W–0.23V–0.06Ta–0.09C Reduced Activation Steel

Grain boundary misorientation and positron annihilation characteristics in steel Eurofer processed by equal channel angular pressing

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