Materials for Liquid Propulsion Systems

Halchak, John A.; Cannon, James L.; Brown, Corey D.

doi:10.2514/5.9781624104893.0641.0698

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They need even more resistant alloys, especially due to the high temperature load in combustion chambers. According to Halchak et al (2018), different groups of alloys are used. For the nozzle, the most heavy part of an engine, Ni-alloys like Inconel 718 (used in the Space Shuttle main engine RS-25) or Inconel 600 (Vulcain 2) are the most common alloys.…”

Section: Composition Of the Anthropogenic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Anthropogenic and Natural Injection of Matter into Earth's Atmosphere

Schulz,

Glassmeier

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Every year, more and more objects are sent to space. While staying in orbit at high altitudes, objects at low altitudes reenter the atmosphere, mostly disintegrating and adding material to the upper atmosphere. The increasing number of countries with space programs, advancing commercialization, and ambitious satellite constellation projects raise concerns about space debris in the future and will continuously increase the mass flux into the atmosphere. In this study, we compare the mass influx of human-made (anthropogenic) objects to the natural mass flux into Earth's atmosphere due to meteoroids, originating from solar system objects like asteroids and comets. The current and near future significance of anthropogenic mass sources is evaluated, considering planned and already partially installed large satellite constellations. Detailed information about the mass, composition, and ablation of natural and anthropogenic material are given, reviewing the relevant literature. Today, anthropogenic material does make up about 2.8 % compared to the annual injected mass of natural origin, but future satellite constellations may increase this fraction to nearly 40 %. For this case, the anthropogenic injection of several metals prevails the injection by natural sources by far. Additionally, we find that the anthropogenic injection of aerosols into the atmosphere increases disproportionately. All this can have yet unknown effects on Earth's atmosphere and the terrestrial habitat.

show abstract

Section: Composition Of the Anthropogenic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%