Materials in Energy Conversion, Harvesting, and Storage

Lu, Kathy

doi:10.1002/9781118892374

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The capacities of the battery used in the existing FC buses are generally larger than proposed in this research. The reason for this is the lower power density of the Li-ion batteries [58]. More batteries need to be integrated to provide for the high transient power outputs required.…”

Section: Degree Of Hybridisation Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the Impact of Degree of Hybridisation for a Fuel Cell Supercapacitor Hybrid Bus with a Fuel Cell Variation Strategy

Partridge

Bucknall

2019

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This paper presents the development of a control strategy for a fuel cell and supercapacitor hybrid power system for application in a city driving bus. This aims to utilise a stable fuel cell power output during normal operation whilst allowing variations to the power output based on the supercapacitor state-of-charge. This provides flexibility to the operation of the system, protection against over-charge and under-charge of the supercapacitor and gives flexibility to the sizing of the system components. The proposed control strategy has been evaluated using validated Simulink models against real-world operating data collected from a double-decker bus operating in London. It was demonstrated that the control strategy was capable of meeting the operating power demands of the bus and that a wide range of degrees of hybridisation are viable for achieving this. Comparison between the degree of hybridisation proposed in this study and those in operational fuel cell (FC) hybrid buses was carried out. It was found that the FC size requirement and FC variation can be significantly reduced through the use of the degree of hybridisation identified in this study.

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Section: Degree Of Hybridisation Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the Impact of Degree of Hybridisation for a Fuel Cell Supercapacitor Hybrid Bus with a Fuel Cell Variation Strategy

Partridge

Bucknall

2019

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“…The external neutron source in the burner system may use new granular spallation target [33] to increase the potential target power and harden the neutron spectrum. Ceramic materials can be used in the reactors' core to enhance the system safety and economic performance for a long-period operation [34]. The nuclear raw materials in this system can use depleted uranium, natural uranium, or thorium [35].…”

Section: Concept Of Accelerator-driven Advanced Nuclear Energy Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concept of an Accelerator-Driven Advanced Nuclear Energy System

et al. 2017

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The utilization of clean energy is a matter of primary importance for sustainable development as well as a vital approach for solving worldwide energy-related issues. If the low utilization rate of nuclear fuel, nuclear proliferation, and insufficient nuclear safety can be solved, nuclear fission energy could be used as a sustainable and low-carbon clean energy form for thousands of years, providing steady and base-load electrical resources. To address these challenges, we propose an accelerator-driven advanced nuclear energy system (ADANES), consisting of a burner system and a fuel recycle system. In ADANES, the ideal utilization rate of nuclear fuel will be >95%, and the final disposal of nuclear waste will be minimized. The design of a high-temperature ceramic reactor makes the burner system safer. Part of fission products (FPs) are removed during the simple reprocessing in the fuel recycle system, significantly reducing the risks of nuclear proliferation of nuclear technology and materials. The ADANES concept integrates nuclear waste transmutation, nuclear fuel breeding, and safety power production, with an ideal closed loop operation of nuclear fission energy, constituting a major innovation of great potential interest for future energy applications.

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“…Ceramics can be used as optional materials for advanced nuclear system in the future. They possess excellent neutron‐related properties, high‐temperature resistance, radiation‐resistance, and good thermodynamic properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual study of an accelerator-driven ceramic fast reactor with long-term operation

Yan

Zhang

et al. 2018

Int J Energy Res

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Summary To improve both safe operation and high resource utilization in nuclear power, we propose and investigate the concept of an accelerator‐driven ceramic fast reactor (ADCFR). This reactor type has the potential to operate continuously throughout a 40‐year core life, without fuel shuffling or supplementation. The ADCFR consists of a high‐power superconducting linear accelerator, a gravity‐driven dense granular spallation‐target, and a ceramic fast reactor. The performance of the ADCFR was assessed by using a neutron‐physics simulation, thermal calculations, and a characteristic analysis. The results show that the peak position for the neutron spectrum in the ADCFR is at about 0.1 MeV. This means that it falls with the fast neutron spectrum, and it can convert loaded nuclear fertile material into fissile fuel. Using a burnup simulation, the ideal effective multiplication‐factor (Keff) was calculated by using a combination of subcritical (accelerator‐driven) and critical modes. In 40 year of operation, Keff is obtained from the initial 0.98 to the peak ~1.02 and then to ~0.99. Different granular coolant materials were selected to compare neutron performance. In breeding, the differences are relatively small. The thermal calculation indicates that heat transfer performance of granular makes it possible to meet the required specifications in theory. Finally, the corresponding characteristics, with regard to the 2‐phase coolant, ceramic materials, nuclear safety performance, operation modes, economics, and range of applications were analyzed. Accelerator‐driven ceramic fast reactors can achieve very high levels of inherent safety, good breeding performance, high power‐generation efficiency, and high flexibility in wide range of applications.

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Materials in Energy Conversion, Harvesting, and Storage

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Investigation on the Impact of Degree of Hybridisation for a Fuel Cell Supercapacitor Hybrid Bus with a Fuel Cell Variation Strategy

Investigation on the Impact of Degree of Hybridisation for a Fuel Cell Supercapacitor Hybrid Bus with a Fuel Cell Variation Strategy

Concept of an Accelerator-Driven Advanced Nuclear Energy System

Conceptual study of an accelerator-driven ceramic fast reactor with long-term operation

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