Materials research for fusion

Knaster, J.; Moeslang, A.; Muroga, T.

doi:10.1038/nphys3735

Cited by 409 publications

(195 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…Future nuclear fusion reactors demand structural materials that can maintain their properties in extreme conditions, such as high temperature, high stress, and intense radiation fluxes123. These increased demands for future technologies cannot be met by incremental improvements to conventional materials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of interface-dominant bulk Cu/V nanolamellar composites by cross accumulative roll bonding

Zeng

Gao

Xie

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Traditional nanostructured metals are inherently comprised of a high density of high-energy interfaces that make this class of materials not stable in extreme conditions. Therefore, high performance bulk nanostructured metals containing stable interfaces are highly desirable for extreme environments applications. Here, we reported an attractive bulk Cu/V nanolamellar composite that was successfully developed by integrating interface engineering and severe plastic deformation techniques. The layered morphology and ordered Cu/V interfaces remained stable with respect to continued rolling (total strain exceeding 12). Most importantly, for layer thickness of 25 nm, this bulk Cu/V nanocomposite simultaneously achieves high strength (hardness of 3.68 GPa) and outstanding thermal stability (up to 700 °C), which are quite difficult to realize simultaneously in traditional nanostructured materials. Such extraordinary property in our Cu/V nanocomposite is achieved via an extreme rolling process that creates extremely high density of stable Cu/V heterophase interfaces and low density of unstable grain boundaries. In addition, high temperature annealing result illustrates that Rayleigh instability is the dominant mechanism driving the onset of thermal instability after exposure to 800 °C.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of interface-dominant bulk Cu/V nanolamellar composites by cross accumulative roll bonding

Zeng

Gao

Xie

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Challenges for ceramics in extreme environments arise across broad applications in energy, security, and transportation. Sources for images, from left to right: high‐T c superconductors ( HTSC ) for plasma confinement (reprinted with permission, Nature Publishing Group); armor; ceramic‐matrix composite (reprinted with permission, General Electric Company); reaction zone between environmental barrier coating with calcium‐magnesium‐aluminosilicate; and ultrahigh‐temperature ceramic leading edges (Source: NASA Ames Research Center)…”

Section: Ceramics For Extreme Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of ceramic and glass science research in meeting societal challenges: Report from an NSF‐sponsored workshop

et al. 2017

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“…More details of these accelerator components and their evolution framed by Fusion materials research can be found in [55, 56]. …”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of the evaporation and condensation phenomena of lithium during the operation of a Li(d,xn) fusion relevant neutron source

Knaster

Kanemura

Kondo

2016

Heliyon

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The flowing lithium target of a Li(d,xn) fusion relevant neutron source must evacuate the deuteron beam power and generate in a stable manner a flux of neutrons with a broad peak at 14 MeV capable to cause similar phenomena as would undergo the structural materials of plasma facing components of a DEMO like reactors. Whereas the physics of the beam-target interaction are understood and the stability of the lithium screen flowing at the nominal conditions of IFMIF (25 mm thick screen with +/–1 mm surface amplitudes flowing at 15 m/s and 523 K) has been demonstrated, a conclusive assessment of the evaporation and condensation of lithium during operation was missing. First attempts to determine evaporation rates started by Hertz in 1882 and have since been subject of continuous efforts driven by its practical importance; however intense surface evaporation is essentially a non-equilibrium process with its inherent theoretical difficulties. Hertz-Knudsen-Langmuir (HKL) equation with Schrage’s ‘accommodation factor’ η = 1.66 provide excellent agreement with experiments for weak evaporation under certain conditions, which are present during a Li(d,xn) facility operation. An assessment of the impact under the known operational conditions for IFMIF (574 K and 10−3Pa on the free surface), with the sticking probability of 1 inherent to a hot lithium gas contained in room temperature steel walls, is carried out. An explanation of the main physical concepts to adequately place needed assumptions is included.

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Materials research for fusion

Cited by 409 publications

References 126 publications

Development of interface-dominant bulk Cu/V nanolamellar composites by cross accumulative roll bonding

Development of interface-dominant bulk Cu/V nanolamellar composites by cross accumulative roll bonding

The role of ceramic and glass science research in meeting societal challenges: Report from an NSF‐sponsored workshop

An assessment of the evaporation and condensation phenomena of lithium during the operation of a Li(d,xn) fusion relevant neutron source

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