Materials selection guidelines for geothermal energy utilization systems

Ellis, Peter F.; Conover, M.F.

doi:10.2172/6664808

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) is highly corrosive to Ni‐based alloys even at very low concentrations . The threshold of attack is less than 30 ppb of hydrogen sulphide . Iron‐based alloys are more stable than Ni‐based alloys in these environments .…”

Section: Properties Of Metallic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of corrosion of materials for application in geothermal systems in Central Europe

Iberl

Alt

Schluecker

2014

Materials & Corrosion

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The systematic and comprehensive evaluation of corrosion experiments in geothermal waters in Central Europe shows that the pitting resistance equivalent number (PREN) provides information on the potential chemical resistance of materials. The analysis exhibits that tested stainless steels (PREN ≥ 45), nickel‐based alloys (PREN ≥ 44) and titanium materials show a resistant behaviour in the North German – Polish Basin. In the Upper Rhine Graben most carbon steels, nickel based alloys (PREN > 40) and titanium materials are stable. Austenitic and duplex steels are resistant with a PREN ≥ 35 for temperatures up to 80 °C and with a PREN ≥ 45 for higher temperatures. In the Molasse Basin carbon steels and stainless steels are stable.

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Section: Properties Of Metallic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of corrosion of materials for application in geothermal systems in Central Europe

Iberl

Alt

Schluecker

2014

Materials & Corrosion

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“…The development of this technology, however, faces relevant challenges: (i) accessibility (namely, drilling) [13][14][15][16]; (ii) reservoir creation (namely, hydraulic fracturing and triggered seismicity) [17][18][19]; and (iii) long-term durability (namely, materials degradation due to corrosion and scaling) [20][21][22][23]. In this regard, the choice of corrosion-resistant, yet economically affordable materials is crucial to maintain the facilities in service, assuming a plant's lifetime of 30 years [24,25]. This selection is based on aspects that concern the knowledge of physical and chemical properties of deep geothermal fluids and their long-term interaction with metallic components [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Behaviour of L80 Steel Grade in Geothermal Power Plants in Switzerland

Vitaller

Angst

Elsener

2019

Metals

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In Switzerland, deep geothermal energy can give a promising contribution to the future energy scenario. However, the expertise in operational issues of deep geothermal power plants is limited, and technical challenges, such as corrosion, are a determining factor for their reliable and long-term operation. In this work, two representative fluids of optimal geothermal conditions in Switzerland were studied. The corrosiveness of the solutions was assessed using two experimental setups that allow investigating the range of temperatures and pressures that apply to the reservoir and power plant conditions. The corrosion behaviour of API L80 steel was analyzed by means of electrochemical measurements (at 100 and 200 • C) and of gravimetric tests (at 100 • C). After the tests, the morphologies and composition of the corrosion products were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). Results show that corrosion rates are significantly high at 100 • C in environments with a chloride concentration of around 600 mg/L and pH around 7. The corrosion products deposited on the metal surface mainly consist of magnetite and/or hematite that might potentially form a protective layer. This study gives a first insight of the potential corrosiveness of geothermal fluids in Switzerland.

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“…severe s i n c e l i t t l e i f any leakage of working substance can be t o l e r a t e d . Conover, 1981). much more r e s i s t a n t t o l o c a l i z e d c o r r o s i o n t h a n a r e Type 304 and Type 316.…”

Section: E a S T Mesamentioning

confidence: 97%

Review of shell-and-tube heat exchanger fouling and corrosion in geothermal power plant service

Ellis¹

1983

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Materials selection guidelines for geothermal energy utilization systems

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of corrosion of materials for application in geothermal systems in Central Europe

Evaluation of corrosion of materials for application in geothermal systems in Central Europe

Corrosion Behaviour of L80 Steel Grade in Geothermal Power Plants in Switzerland

Review of shell-and-tube heat exchanger fouling and corrosion in geothermal power plant service

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