Materials that Change Color for Intelligent Design

Ferrara, Marinella; Bengisu, Murat

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-00290-3_4

Cited by 34 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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showing different color in reflection and transmission, to the inspiring coloration of ancient church windows, [2] and modern effect pigments [3] that use sparkle, luster, and color travel to create vivid coloration. [4] Examples can be found in materials that change color to indicate structural fatigue in bridges, buildings, or airplane wings. [4] Examples can be found in materials that change color to indicate structural fatigue in bridges, buildings, or airplane wings.

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confidence: 99%

“…Aesthetics and function are often intimately linked in modern materials. [4] Examples can be found in materials that change color to indicate structural fatigue in bridges, buildings, or airplane wings. [5] or modify transparency to allow energy savings, [6] as well as in the fields of anticounterfeiting, [7,8] solar-energy harvesting, modulation of absorption and thermal emission, [9] and colorimetric sensing.…”

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The Optical Janus Effect: Asymmetric Structural Color Reflection Materials

et al. 2017

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Structurally colored materials are often used for their resistance to photobleaching and their complex viewing-direction-dependent optical properties. Frequently, absorption has been added to these types of materials in order to improve the color saturation by mitigating the effects of nonspecific scattering that is present in most samples due to imperfect manufacturing procedures. The combination of absorbing elements and structural coloration often yields emergent optical properties. Here, a new hybrid architecture is introduced that leads to an interesting, highly directional optical effect. By localizing absorption in a thin layer within a transparent, structurally colored multilayer material, an optical Janus effect is created, wherein the observed reflected color is different on one side of the sample than on the other. A systematic characterization of the optical properties of these structures as a function of their geometry and composition is performed. The experimental studies are coupled with a theoretical analysis that enables a precise, rational design of various optical Janus structures with highly controlled color, pattern, and fabrication approaches. These asymmetrically colored materials will open applications in art, architecture, semitransparent solar cells, and security features in anticounterfeiting materials.

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The Optical Janus Effect: Asymmetric Structural Color Reflection Materials

et al. 2017

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“…As a new type of smart materials, reversible colour-changing compounds display repeated colour-changing features under external stimuli such as temperature, light, electricity, pressure, and magnetism; they also have potential applications in building, textiles, printing, electronics, and advanced materials (Ferrara and Bengisu 2014). Thermochromic wood, which has reversible colour-changing properties in response to changes in temperature, has been developed by impregnating veneers with a thermochromic agent consisting of a dye, a chromogenic agent, and a solvent (Liu et al 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For both thermochromic and photochromic materials, microencapsulation covers them with an integrated and firm shell, which protects them from leaching and environmental effects and allows more flexibility in their manufacturing and use (Ferrara and Bengisu 2014). The majority of commercial thermochromic and photochromic products are in the form of powders or microcapsule suspensions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Photochromic Wood Material by Microcapsules

Lyu

et al. 2016

BioResources

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To develop a smart, colour-changing wood material, photochromic microcapsules were incorporated into coatings while painting veneered plywood. The properties of microcapsules and coatings were investigated. The colour-changing behaviour of the photochromic wood material in response to sunlight exposure was evaluated. The microcapsules exhibited sensitive colour-changing function and had good thermal stability. The prepared photochromic wood material spontaneously altered its appearance from the veneer colour to a blue colour following intensity changes of the sunlight exposure on the sample. The incorporation of microcapsules had no obvious effect on coating adhesion, but it obviously reduced coating wearability. With the microcapsule content increasing from 2.5% to 10% (of the coating weight), the colour difference (ΔE) of photochromic wood stimulated by sunlight linearly increased from 7.45 to 21.58. The performance of the prepared photochromic wood material can be adjusted by controlling the addition amount of microcapsules.

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“…Materials which exhibit the latter property have attracted tremendous interest for use in applications such as smart windows, memory devices, medical diagnosis, and chromatic sensors . The origin of these reversible temperature‐dependent color changes is usually attributed to a shift in the chemical equilibrium between molecular isomers, a phase transition between inorganic solids, or a change in the crystalline phases of liquid crystals . To date, many thermochromic materials have been reported and commercialized, such as leuco dyes, thermotropic liquid crystals, titanium and vanadium oxides, and peptide‐based polydiacetylene .…”

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Thermochromism from Ultrathin Colloidal Sb₂Se₃ Nanowires Undergoing Reversible Growth and Dissolution in an Amine–Thiol Mixture

Ong

et al. 2018

Advanced Materials

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between molecular isomers, a phase transition between inorganic solids, or a change in the crystalline phases of liquid crystals. [8] To date, many thermochromic materials have been reported and commercialized, such as leuco dyes, [9] thermotropic liquid crystals, [10][11][12] titanium and vanadium oxides, [13][14][15] and peptide-based polydiacetylene. [16][17][18] Among these examples, the liquid-based leuco dyes and liquid crystals are unique as they can easily be made to fill various shaped voids, can be deposited onto virtually any substrate, and are straightforward to scale-up in terms of production. However, organic dyes have a tendency to suffer from photodegradation, require longer optical path lengths due to a small absorption coefficient (typically ≈10 4 L mol −1 cm −1 ), and possess limited tunability of the T trans . [19] Liquid crystals require a stringent microencapsulation process to avoid degradation and contamination, [20] and the molecules need to be chemically modified in order to tune the T trans . Instead of addressing these limitations directly, we sought to circumvent them by a different approach to traditional liquid-based thermochromics.Herein, we report a liquid-based thermochromic system based on colloidal antimony selenide (Sb 2 Se 3 ) ultrathin nanowires (NWs) that undergo a reversible growth/dissolution process in a Sn 2+ -added amine-thiol mixture. For brevity, we will refer to this liquid thermochromic system as the amine-thiol nanowire (ATNW) solution. Antimony selenide has an optical bulk bandgap of 1.1-1.2 eV, [21] and therefore absorbs wavelengths across the entire visible and near-infrared (NIR) range. It possesses a high absorption coefficient (>10 5 cm −1 ), [22] has low toxicity, and is composed of relatively earth-abundant constituents. As a material that has in recent times been developed for solar cell and photodetector applications, [23] Sb 2 Se 3 nanostructures are resilient toward photodegradation under hours of continuous irradiation and resistant to oxidation under ambient conditions. We find that ATNWs undergo a continuous color change from transparent pale yellow to dark brown when heated and reverse rapidly to pale yellow when cooled. Different from conventional inorganic pigments whose thermochromic properties are based on changes in crystal structure and/or molecular stoichiometry, the color changes in the ATNW solution are due to rapid crystal growth and dissolution. The Sb 2 Se 3 1806164 (2 of 7) www.advmat.de www.advancedsciencenews.com

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Materials that Change Color for Intelligent Design

Cited by 34 publications

References 16 publications

The Optical Janus Effect: Asymmetric Structural Color Reflection Materials

The Optical Janus Effect: Asymmetric Structural Color Reflection Materials

Development of Photochromic Wood Material by Microcapsules

Thermochromism from Ultrathin Colloidal Sb₂Se₃ Nanowires Undergoing Reversible Growth and Dissolution in an Amine–Thiol Mixture

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Materials that Change Color for Intelligent Design

Cited by 34 publications

References 16 publications

The Optical Janus Effect: Asymmetric Structural Color Reflection Materials

The Optical Janus Effect: Asymmetric Structural Color Reflection Materials

Development of Photochromic Wood Material by Microcapsules

Thermochromism from Ultrathin Colloidal Sb2Se3 Nanowires Undergoing Reversible Growth and Dissolution in an Amine–Thiol Mixture

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Product

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Thermochromism from Ultrathin Colloidal Sb₂Se₃ Nanowires Undergoing Reversible Growth and Dissolution in an Amine–Thiol Mixture