Maternal and Cord Blood Homocysteine and Folic Acid Levels in Smoking and Nonsmoking Pregnant Women

Çoker, Işıl; Çolak, Ayfer; Hasturk, Aybike Gunaslan; Yildiz, Omur; Türkön, Hakan; Halıcıoğlu, Oya

doi:10.1159/000320283

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…One of these found a significant negative association (lower levels) of smoking with umbilical cord blood levels of folate (Stark et al, ). The other six studies did not report significant associations (Adaikalakoteswari et al, ; Ambroszkiewicz et al, ; Coker et al, ; Hay et al, ; Relton et al, ; Sram et al, ). One study described serum levels of folate during pregnancy measured at four different time points (0–10, 11–20, 21–30, and 31–40 weeks; van Wersch et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Of the remaining 95 papers, 63 were excluded on the basis of the full text. The remaining 32 articles are included in this review, as shown in Supplemental S1 (Adaikalakoteswari et al, ; Ambroszkiewicz, Chelchowska, Lewandowski, Gajewska, & Laskowska‐Klita, ; Baker et al, ; Bakker et al, ; Bergen et al, ; Bodnar et al, ; Coker et al, ; Dayaldasani et al, ; Frery et al, ; D. Furness et al, ; D. L. Furness, Yasin, Dekker, Thompson, & Roberts, ; Gadowsky et al, ; Hay et al, ; Jauniaux, Johns, Gulbis, Spasic‐Boskovic, & Burton, ; Knight et al, ; Knudtson et al, ; Larroque et al, ; Matsuzaki et al, ; McDonald, Perkins, Jodouin, & Walker, ; Mito et al, ; Nilsen et al, ; Ozerol, Ozerol, Gokdeniz, Temel, & Akyol, ; Pagan, Hou, Goldenberg, Cliver, & Tamura, ; Prasodjo et al, ; Relton et al, ; Sram, Binkova, Lnenickova, Solansky, & Dejmek, ; Stark et al, ; Stark, Pawlosky, Sokol, Hannigan, & Salem Jr., ; Van Uitert et al, ; van Wersch, Janssens, & Zandvoort, ; Vandevijvere, Amsalkhir, Van Oyen, & Moreno‐Reyes, ; Yila et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table shows the results of the 28 studies measuring levels of folate or its metabolites in a total of 30,938 participants (Adaikalakoteswari et al, ; Ambroszkiewicz et al, ; Baker et al, ; Bergen et al, ; Bodnar et al, ; Coker et al, ; D. Furness et al, ; D. L. Furness et al, ; Gadowsky et al, ; Hay et al, ; Jauniaux et al, ; Knight et al, ; Larroque et al, ; Matsuzaki et al, ; McDonald et al, ; Mito et al, ; Nilsen et al, ; Ozerol et al, ; Pagan et al, ; Prasodjo et al, ; Relton et al, ; Sram et al, ; Stark et al, ; Stark et al, ; Van Uitert et al, ; van Wersch et al, ; Vandevijvere et al, ; Yila et al, ). Twenty‐six studies measured folate levels in maternal blood (serum, plasma, or erythrocytes) and seven studies measured folate levels in umbilical cord blood.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine in smoking‐exposed pregnant women: A systematic review

Tuenter

Bautista-Niño

Vitezova

et al. 2018

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Smoking exposure is associated with pregnancy complications, as are levels of folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine. In nonpregnant adults, smoking exposure is associated negatively with folate and vitamin B12 levels and positively with homocysteine levels. A complete overview of the literature on this topic in pregnant women is lacking. To evaluate evidence of associations of maternal smoking exposure during pregnancy and levels of folate, homocysteine, and vitamin B12 in pregnancy and in cord blood, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, and reference lists of relevant studies until August 2017. We selected studies in pregnant women describing the association of passive or active smoking and levels of folate, homocysteine, and/or vitamin B12. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers. We included 32 studies of 2,015 identified references with a total of 37,822 participants and more than 6,000 smokers. Twenty-eight studies measured folate, 14 measured vitamin B12, and 13 measured homocysteine. Nineteen out of 28 studies assessing folate reported significantly lower levels in pregnant women exposed to smoking compared with those unexposed. Vitamin B12 levels were lower in smoking mothers in eight out of 14 studies. Homocysteine levels tended to be higher in mothers exposed to smoking. Smoking exposure during pregnancy is generally associated with lower folate and vitamin B12 levels and higher homocysteine levels. This may help raise further awareness about the consequences of smoking and the need to encourage stopping smoking in all, especially in pregnant women.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine in smoking‐exposed pregnant women: A systematic review

Tuenter

Bautista-Niño

Vitezova

et al. 2018

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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“…This study does not confirm fetal programming of the expression patterns of the mentioned enzymes. Other intrauterine factors may have an impact on fetal programming (e.g., smoking during pregnancy leading to an increase of homocysteine (35) and placental mitochondrial dysfunction (36)) (37). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of NO synthases and redox enzymes in umbilical arteries from newborns born small, appropriate, and large for gestational age

Dellee

Tobias

et al. 2012

Pediatr Res

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Background: Modified expression of nitric oxide synthases (NOss) and an imbalance between the pro-oxidative and the antioxidative system accompany endothelial dysfunction, the first stage of atherosclerosis. humans born small (sGa) or large (LGa) for gestational age are at higher risk of developing atherosclerosis later in life than humans born appropriate for gestational age (aGa). We hypothesized that indicators of endothelial dysfunction could be detectable at birth. The purpose of this study was to find out whether the expression patterns of NO synthases (endothelial NOs (eNOs), inducible NOs (iNOs), and neuronal NOs (nNOs)), pro-oxidative enzymes (components of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NaDPh) oxidases, NaDPh oxidase 1 (NOX1), NOX2, NOX4, p22phox, and p47phox), and antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase 1-3 (sOD1-3), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), and catalase) in umbilical arteries differ among sGa, LGa, and aGa newborns. Methods: Thirty-six umbilical cords were obtained from healthy, normal, full-term sGa, aGa, and LGa newborns. The umbilical arteries were dissected and homogenized. mRNa expression was analyzed with quantitative real-time PcR. Western blotting was performed to determine protein expression. results: mRNa and protein expression of NO synthases, prooxidative enzymes, and antioxidative enzymes did not differ in the umbilical arteries from newborns of the three groups. conclusion: Indicators of endothelial dysfunction in terms of differences in enzyme expression in sGa or LGa newborns vs. aGa newborns were not present at birth.

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“…30 Since prenatal smoking is strongly associated with elevated levels of homocysteine concentrations, one would expect the same relationship between homocysteine and fetal telomere length as observed among smoking mothers. 31 In a study of 77 pregnant women, homocysteine levels were measured from cord blood at delivery. Maternal homocysteine levels were not significantly related to the telomere length of cord leukocytes in the neonates.…”

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confidence: 99%

Telomere length and fetal programming: A review of recent scientific advances

Whiteman¹,

Goswami²,

Salihu

2017

American J Rep Immunol

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We sought to synthesize a comprehensive literature review comprising recent research linking fetal programming to fetal telomere length. We also explored the potential effects fetal telomere length shortening has on fetal phenotypes. Utilizing the PubMed database as our primary search engine, we retrieved and reviewed 165 articles of published research. The inclusion criteria limited the articles to those that appeared within the last ten years, were pertinent to humans, and without restriction to language of publication. Our results showed that socio-demographic factors like age, sex, genetic inheritance, and acquired disease impact telomere length. Further, we found several maternal characteristics to be associated with fetal telomere length shortening, and these include maternal chemical exposure (eg, tobacco smoke), maternal stress during pregnancy, maternal nutritional and sleeping disorders during pregnancy as well as maternal disease status. Due to paucity of data, our review could not synthesize evidence directly linking fetal phenotypes to telomere length shortening.Although the research summarized in this review shows some association between determinants of intrauterine programming and fetal telomere length, there is still significant work that needs to be done to delineate the direct relationship of telomere attrition with specific fetal phenotypes. K E Y W O R D Sfetal phenotypes, fetal programming, telomere length

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Maternal and Cord Blood Homocysteine and Folic Acid Levels in Smoking and Nonsmoking Pregnant Women

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine in smoking‐exposed pregnant women: A systematic review

Folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine in smoking‐exposed pregnant women: A systematic review

Expression of NO synthases and redox enzymes in umbilical arteries from newborns born small, appropriate, and large for gestational age

Telomere length and fetal programming: A review of recent scientific advances

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