Maternal and Early Life Exposure to Manganese in Rural Bangladesh

Abstract

Manganese exposure and biomarker concentrations during early pregnancy and lactation were investigated in 408 women living in an area with elevated concentrations of both arsenic and manganese in drinking water derived from wells. About 40% of the water samples had manganese concentrations above the World Health Organization's guideline value and showed a strong inverse correlation with arsenic concentrations. Water manganese was found to correlate to urine concentrations, but not to blood or breast milk concentrations. No correlations were found among manganese concentrations in urine, blood, or breast milk. Compared to other populations, manganese concentrations in both urine and blood, but not breast milk, were elevated in the Bangladeshi women and more similar to those of occupationally exposed groups. The lack of associations with water manganese is likely due to variable exposure via water and food, and differences in bioavailability, as well as a complex and/or strict regulation of intestinal manganese absorption, in turn being influenced by nutritional as well as physiological and genetic factors. The results indicate that elevated maternal manganese exposure does not necessarily lead to exposure of breast-fed infants, stressing the importance of breast feeding in high manganese areas. However, the implications of fetal exposurefrom elevated maternal exposure need further investigation.

Organocopper complexes during roxarsone degradation in wastewater lagoons

“…1a and b). Similar behavior in tube well samples was observed with Mn, which also showed an inverse strong negative correlation with dissolved As concentrations in groundwater (Ljung et al 2009). Furthermore, a crude linear relationship was established (p<0.001) between total Cu concentrations and % solids for all swine wastewater samples (Fig.…”

Maternal–infant biomarkers of prenatal exposure to arsenic and manganese

“…Others have also documented high Mn exposures in this vulnerable population. A study of 408 pregnant women living in rural Bangladesh, reported that 25% were drinking water with Mn concentrations above 1000 μg/L and maternal blood Mn (erythrocyte cell portion) concentrations were higher than expected ranging from 7-53 μg/kg (32). …”

From Manganism to Manganese-Induced Parkinsonism: A Conceptual Model Based on the Evolution of Exposure

“…In order to provide manganese to the developing brain, the intestinal absorption of this element is high (Dörner et al 1989), whereas the excretion rate is low due to the incomplete development of the biliary pathway, responsible for manganese elimination (Lönnerdal 1994). However, reassuring results were found in a recent study of 408 women living in an area of Bangladesh with elevated manganese in drinking water, urine, and blood, since corresponding elevations in breast milk were not observed (Ljung et al 2009). According to the authors, elevated maternal manganese exposure does not necessarily lead to excessive exposure of breast-fed infants, stressing the importance of breast feeding in high manganese areas.…”