Maternal and paternal contribution to intergenerational psychosocial transmission of paan chewing

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Objectives: Paan chewing is a recognized risk factor for oral cancer in the Asian population. However, there is currently little evidence about the intergenerational psychosocial transmission of paan chewing in South Indian families. We investigated the association between parental and participant's paan chewing in a South Indian population.Methods: A subset of data was drawn from a hospital-based case-control study on oral cancer, the HeNCe Life study, conducted at Government Dental and Medical Colleges of Kozhikode, South India. Analyses were based on 371 non-cancer control participants having diseases unrelated to known risk factors for oral cancer. Demographics, behavioural habits (e.g., paan chewing, smoking), and indicators of socioeconomic position (SEP) of both participants and their parents were collected with the use of a questionnaire-based interview and a life grid technique. Unconditional logistic regression assessed odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for the associations between parental and participant's paan chewing, adjusted for confounders.Results: Over half of the participants were male (55.2%) and the mean age of participants was 59 (SD=12) years. After adjusting for age, religion, parents' SEP, parents' education, smoking and alcohol consumption, and perceived parenting behaviour we observed that maternal and paternal paan chewing were significantly associated with the participant's paan chewing (OR=2.40, 95%CI=1.11-5.21) and (OR=3.05, 95%CI=1.48-6.27), respectively. Conclusions:Intergenerational psychosocial transmission of the habit of paan chewing could occur through shared socio-cultural or environmental factors.

Intergenerational Transfer of Tobacco Use Behaviour from Parent to Child: A Case Control Study

“…Cases are likely to smoke or chew nearly four times more when their parents had a history of Tobacco use as opposed to controls. This intergenerational transfer has been studied in western societies (Madathil et al, 2015;Mahabee-Gittens et al, 2012;Vandewater et al, 2014;Vuolo and Staff, 2013;White et al, 2000) and similar strong associations have been found. The findings of our study show the risk of transfer of smoking habits from a parent to a smoker case to be nearly three times when compared to a control [OR 2.79 (95%CI 1.85 -4.19.…”

“…This finding has been seen consistently across all ethnic groups (Hoskins, 2014). Madathil et al, (2015) concluded maternal strictness was associated with decreased Tobacco uptake by the child. Though our study findings are distinct from the previous study, it is of substantial significance, as unlike the traditional concept of mother's central role in the rearing of a child; our study results highlight the father's role in the process of parenting.…”

“…The intergenerational transfer of the Tobacco habit has been studied in developed countries (Bantle and Haisken-DeNew, 2002;El-Amin et al, 2015;Escario and Wilkinson, 2015;Gilman et al, 2009;Göhlmann et al, 2010;Leonardi-Bee et al, 2011;Mahabee-Gittens et al, 2012;Mays et al, 2014;Melchior et al, 2010;Vuolo and Staff, 2013;White et al, 2000) but scarcely reported in southeast Asian countries (Madathil et al, 2015), where smokeless Tobacco (SLT) consumption is high. We designed this study to assess if the parental Tobacco use behaviour is a risk factor for initiation of Tobacco use among their children Additionally, we aimed to understand the effect of parenting style on the transfer of such behaviours.…”

“…Using estimates from previous studies, prevalence of smoking Tobacco (0.18 control and 0.12 cases) (Melchior et al, 2010) and chewing Tobacco (0.28 control and 0.61 cases) (Madathil et al, 2015) were obtained and we estimated a sample size of 418 (209 each for cases and controls) with power 80% and alpha error of 0.5. The final sample size was rounded to 250 each for cases and control to cover attrition and other covariates.…”

Periodontal diseases and risk of oral cancer in Southern India: Results from the HeNCe Life study

“…Covariates included lifetime history of paan chewing, bidi and cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, age, sex and years of education. 31 In brief, the lifetime consumption of paan was calculated for participants who reported chewing paan for at least one year at any point in their lives, classified as ever chewers. To obtain a comprehensive history of paan chewing, we asked the subjects to describe their habit by dividing their lifetime consumption into periods based on the homogeneity of paan composition and frequency of use.…”