Maternal and perinatal outcome in severe preeclampsia and eclampsia at the Rivers State university teaching hospital, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Severe preeclampsia and eclampsia remain a challenge in tropical obstetric practice. It is a major contributor to feto-maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. This study seeks to determine the prevalence, associated risk factors and the feto-maternal outcome of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia at the rivers state university teaching hospital (RSUTH).Method: A retrospective study of all women who had severe preeclampsia and eclampsia and were delivered at the RSUTH in a two-year period, 1ST January 2018 to 31ST December 2019, was carried out. Data on patients’ age, parity, education, booking status, gestational age at delivery, diagnosis, complications, mode of delivery and fetal sex, birth weight and Apgar scores were retrieved using structured pro-forma. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.Results: There were 4496 deliveries of which 128 had severe preeclampsia and eclampsia, giving a prevalence of 2.85%. Of these, 94 (73.4%) had severe preeclampsia and 34 (26.6%) had eclampsia. The mean age of the women ± SD was 29.84±5.44 years, median parity was para 1, and mean gestational age ± SD was 35.38±3.84 weeks. There were 10 maternal deaths giving case fatality of 7.8%. The mean birth weight ± SD was 2.61±0.91 kg and stillborn rate was 14.4%. There was significant association with maternal age, education, booking status, method of delivery and Apgar score of the baby.Conclusion: The prevalence in this study is high with associated high maternal mortality and stillborn rates. Timely and appropriate intervention including primary management and judicious termination of pregnancy will reduce mortality of mother and fetus.

Feto Maternal Outcome in Diabetic Mother and Its Association With Neonatal Mortality: A Study of Tertiary Hospital of Peshawar, KPK Pakistan

“…This issue usually necessitates a surgical delivery to prevent birth complications including shoulder dystocia, which is difficult to cure. Cesarean sections lessen dangers but increase issues [21]. Cesarean sections may cause newborn respiratory difficulties, longer hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs.…”

Eclampsia: A Continuous Scourge in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria

“…Similarly, two separate studies conducted in 2 different states in Southern Nigeria showed a prevalence of 0.44% and 1.66% for Enugu and Lagos in year 2011 and 2008 respectively [17] [18], while a study conducted in a state in Northern Nigeria in 2011 showed that eclampsia had a maternal fatality of 42% [19]. Furthermore, a 2020 study conducted by Awoyesuku et al [10] in River State showed that eclampsia had a prevalence of 2.85% among 4496 deliveries reported over the 2 years' duration of the study.…”

“…The risk factors that are associated with eclampsia are similar to those of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension [1]. Several studies globally [8] [9] [10] have identified these factors to include: • Black and Hispanic race • Young age, • Nulliparity, • Multifetal gestation, • Multiparous pregnant women with a new partner, • Unbooked cases,…”