Maternal antineuronal antibodies and risk of childhood autism spectrum disorders: A case–control study

Ali, Naael Hussein; Khalaf, Shukrya K.; Al-Asadi, Jasim N.; Abed, Alaa H.

doi:10.1016/j.jcma.2016.08.003

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In the literature, a recent study by Naael et al on the mothers of children with autism found that they had significantly higher levels of anti-Yo and anti-Amphiphysin antibodies than the control group. Anti-Hu and anti-Ri antibodies were also found at higher levels in the mothers of children with autism, but the difference with control groups was not statistically significant [14]. In our study, no significant difference was found between the ASD and control groups in terms of anti-Yo and anti-Amphiphysin values.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…In a study by Naael et al on the mothers of children with ASD, anti-Yo and anti-Amphiphysin antibodies were found to be significantly higher than in mothers in the healthy control group. As to anti-Hu and anti-Ri antibodies, they were found at higher rates in the mothers of children with autism than control groups, but the difference was not statistically significant [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Antineuronal antibodies and 8-OHdG an indicator of cerebellar dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder: a case–control study

Kılıçaslan

Ayaydın

Çelik

et al. 2019

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Objectives: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, that starts in early childhood and presents with deficiencies in social-communicational domains along with restricted and repetitive behaviours/interests. While genetic factors are dominant in its pathogenesis, many factors, including neurological, environmental and immunological have been identified. Furtheremore, although cerebellar dysfunction in the etiology of autism has been shown in different studies, the possible causes of the dysfunction and the role of neuroinflammation among these causes have not been clarified yet. Anti-Yo, anti-Hu, anti-Ri and anti-Amphiphysin antibodies have been found to be associated with cerebellar degeneration. The aim of the present study was to compare anti-Yo, anti-Hu, anti-Ri and anti-Amphiphysin antibodies and 8-OHdG values in blood using the ELISA method between ASD patients and healthy children to demonstrate the role of neuroinflammation as a potential cause of cerebellar dysfunction and DNA damage and evaluate the relationship between Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) scores in children diagnosed with ASD and these parameters. Methods: Thirty-five consecutive children between the ages of 3 and 12 referred to the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic of Harran University Hospital and diagnosed with ASD according to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria were included in the study. The children did not have any chronic physical disorders and were treatment naive. Thirty-three healthy children between the ages of 3 and 12 without any physical or psychiatric disorders were included as the healthy control group. For psychiatric evaluation, a sociodemographic form and to measure the severity of autism, CARS was used. In the study, anti-Yo, anti-Hu, anti-Ri and anti-Amphiphysin antibodies and 8-OHdG values in blood were investigated using the ELISA method. Results: Thirty-five cases with autism (62.9% males) and thirty-three healthy controls (72.7% males) were included in the present study (p = 0.385). The median age was 6.0 in the ASD group and 7.0 in the control group (p = 0.146). Among ASD patients, anti-Ri antibody positivity was detected, while no anti-Ri antibody positivity was found in the control group (p = 0.002). In the ASD group, the anti-Hu and 8-OHdG values were found to be significantly higher than those of the controls (p < 0.001, p = 0.001); no significant difference was found between the ASD and control groups with regard to the anti-Yo and anti-Amphiphysin values (p = 0.113, p = 0.275). Conclusions:The results of the present study suggest that antibodies against cerebellum may be present among children with ASD and DNA damage may occur due to oxidative stress.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Antineuronal antibodies and 8-OHdG an indicator of cerebellar dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder: a case–control study

Kılıçaslan

Ayaydın

Çelik

et al. 2019

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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“…Several auto-Abs more commonly associated with paraneoplastic syndromes have also been associated with maternal Ab-mediated ASD. In a study using western blot to assess postnatal maternal serum, mothers of a child with ASD were significantly more likely to harbor anti-Yo Abs (with an odds ratio of 2.6) and anti-amphiphysin Abs (odds ratio: 2.5) than were healthy mothers with a typically developed child [ 76 ]. A later study, using ELISA, confirmed the association between maternal anti-amphiphysin Abs and ASD, and found a significant association between anti-Ri Abs and ASD [ 77 ].…”

Section: Clinical Data: Maternal Brain-reactive Abs and Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal brain reactive antibodies profile in autism spectrum disorder: an update

2023

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with multifactorial etiologies involving both genetic and environmental factors. In the past two decades it has become clear that in utero exposure to toxins, inflammation, microbiome, and antibodies (Abs), may play a role in the etiology of ASD. Maternal brain-reactive Abs, present in 10–20% of mothers of a child with ASD, pose a potential risk to the developing brain because they can gain access to the brain during gestation, altering brain development during a critical period. Different maternal anti-brain Abs have been associated with ASD and have been suggested to bind extracellular or intracellular neuronal antigens. Clinical data from various cohorts support the increase in prevalence of such maternal brain-reactive Abs in mothers of a child with ASD compared to mothers of a typically developing child. Animal models of both non-human primates and rodents have provided compelling evidence supporting a pathogenic role of these Abs. In this review we summarize the data from clinical and animal models addressing the role of pathogenic maternal Abs in ASD. We propose that maternal brain-reactive Abs are an overlooked and promising field of research, representing a modifiable risk factor that may account for up to 20% of cases of ASD. More studies are needed to better characterize the Abs that contribute to the risk of having a child with ASD, to understand whether we can we predict such cases of ASD, and to better pinpoint the antigenic specificity of these Abs and their mechanisms of pathogenicity.

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“…Maternal antibodies or other serum factors could cause neurodevelopmental disorders . A case–control study with serum samples of 49 mothers of ASD‐affected children and 73 controls found a higher maternal seropositivity for anti‐Yo antibodies (34.7% vs 13.7%; aOR, 2.60) and anti‐amphiphysin antibodies (40.8% vs 17.8%; aOR, 2.54) in the ASD group . There have been speculations about the development of ASD in children of mothers who received an influenza vaccination in their first trimester of pregnancy.…”

Section: Parental Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33 A case-control study with serum samples of 49 mothers of ASD-affected children and 73 controls found a higher maternal seropositivity for anti-Yo antibodies (34.7% vs 13.7%; aOR, 2.60) and anti-amphiphysin antibodies (40.8% vs 17.8%; aOR, 2.54) in the ASD group. 34 There have been speculations about the development of ASD in children of mothers who received an influenza vaccination in their first trimester of pregnancy. However, among a cohort of 196 929 children, of whom 3103 had ASD, no significant association between maternal influenza infection and risk of autism (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.20; 95%CI, 1.04-1.39) was found.…”

Section: Immune Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder: Trends in research exploring etiopathogenesis

Gyawali

Patra

2019

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition in which affected individuals have difficulties while interacting and communicating socially, and repetitive behaviors. It has a multifactorial etiology. Various risk factors, including genetic and environmental influences, have been explored while trying to understand its causation. As older evidence was suggestive of a high heritability, a majority of research focused on finding the underlying genetic causes of autism. Due to these efforts, there have been advances in the knowledge of some of the genetic factors associated with autism. But a recent trend also shows an increasing interest in exploration of various potential environmental triggers. These efforts have brought us closer to understanding the elusive disorder more so than ever before. The current review discusses the recent trends in research exploring the etiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder.

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Maternal antineuronal antibodies and risk of childhood autism spectrum disorders: A case–control study

Abstract: Some maternal antineuronal antibodies may contribute significantly to the risk of childhood autism.

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Antineuronal antibodies and 8-OHdG an indicator of cerebellar dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder: a case–control study

Antineuronal antibodies and 8-OHdG an indicator of cerebellar dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder: a case–control study

Maternal brain reactive antibodies profile in autism spectrum disorder: an update

Autism spectrum disorder: Trends in research exploring etiopathogenesis

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