Maternal Characteristics Associated with Milk Leptin Content in a Sample of Filipino Women and Associations with Infant Weight for Age

Quinn, Elizabeth A.; Largado, Fe; Borja, Judith B.; Kuzawa, Christopher W.

doi:10.1177/0890334414553247

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, the majority of previous studies analysed leptin in skim HM in cross-sectional cohorts and are restricted to the first and third months postpartum [25], limiting their ability to determine leptin profiles during lactation in women of varying BC. Only three studies have analysed %FM using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) [24], skinfold measures [63] and bioelectrical impedance analysis [65] and they found a strong association between %FM and skim milk leptin, consistent with the results from our study. Interestingly, Khodabakhshi et al (2015) [65] found association between HM leptin and both %FM and BMI only in the subset of mothers of obese infants but not in the subset of mothers of normal infants, although these two groups did not differ by BMI or leptin concentration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Increased serum amino acid concentrations are present in mothers with more adipose tissue [39], leading to more amino acids transferred to the breast and HM [70], explaining the positive relationship between maternal adiposity and HM protein concentrations [42]. This study has found that higher %FM but not BMI was associated with higher protein concentrations, which is similar to Quinn et al [63] who reported %FM to be more precise measure of adiposity reporting stronger correlation with HM leptin, thus the more precise measure of maternal BC is desirable in mechanistic research.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…In particular, obese mothers are more likely to have reduced milk production due to incomplete differentiation of mammary epithelial cells [62]. Conversely, lean mothers with very low plasma leptin concentrations may produce milk with low leptin levels, thus signalling marginal environment and promoting rapid infant growth while supported by maternal metabolism [63]. Lower infant serum leptin levels would thus reduce the neurotrophic effects on the hypothalamic appetite circuitry and lower satiety stimulation [8,13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between Maternal Body Composition and Appetite Hormones and Macronutrients in Human Milk

et al. 2017

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Human milk (HM) appetite hormones and macronutrients may mediate satiety in breastfed infants. This study investigated associations between maternal adiposity and concentrations of HM leptin, adiponectin, protein and lactose, and whether these concentrations and the relationship between body mass index and percentage fat mass (%FM) in a breastfeeding population change over the first year of lactation. Lactating women (n = 59) provided milk samples (n = 283) at the 2nd, 5th, 9th and/or 12th month of lactation. Concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, total protein and lactose were measured. Maternal %FM was measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy. Higher maternal %FM was associated with higher leptin concentrations in both whole (0.006 ± 0.002 ng/mL, p = 0.008) and skim HM (0.005 ± 0.002 ng/mL, p = 0.007), and protein (0.16 ± 0.07 g/L, p = 0.028) concentrations. Adiponectin and lactose concentrations were not associated with %FM (0.01 ± 0.06 ng/mL, p = 0.81; 0.08 ± 0.11 g/L, p = 0.48, respectively). Whole milk concentrations of adiponectin and leptin did not differ significantly over the first year of lactation. These findings suggest that the level of maternal adiposity during lactation may influence the early appetite programming of breastfed infants by modulating concentrations of HM components.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between Maternal Body Composition and Appetite Hormones and Macronutrients in Human Milk

et al. 2017

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“…The few earlier studies investigating relationships between protein content in human milk and maternal nutritional status are contradictory. Some reporting a positive correlation between protein and maternal adiposity assessed by BMI [2,7,12,21], whereas Quinn et al [23] and Kugananthan et al [17] have found that higher percentage of fat mass but not BMI was associated with higher protein concentrations. By contrast, Bachour et al [2] reported negative association between protein content and BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between human milk composition and maternal nutritional status

Bzikowska¹,

Czerwonogrodzka–Senczyna²,

Weker³

et al. 2018

Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig

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Background: Human milk is the optimal nutrition for newborns and infants during the first period of their life -from birth to 6-th month. It contains a uniquely quantitative and qualitative balanced nutrients profile. Composition of breast milk is dynamic and may vary according to maternal nutritional status. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between human milk composition and maternal nutritional status. Material and methods: One-day milk samples were provided by exclusively breastfeeding mothers (n=40) at the first month of lactation. Protein -total and true, fat, carbohydrate, dry matter and energy content were determined using the Human Milk Analyzer by MIRIS. The anthropometric measurements (current body weight, height) were used to calculate current body mass index (BMI). On this basis, we assessed nutritional status of examined population. Results: For the majority of women (75%, n=30) currently BMI value was in range of 18.5-24.9 kg/m 2 , for the rest of women it was ≥ 25 kg/m 2 . The median macronutrient composition per 100 ml of mature breast milk was 7.0 g for carbohydrate, 1.1 g for protein, 3.5 g for fat, 11.9 for dry matter and energy content was 66.0 kcal. Maternal body mass index was positively related to lipid, dry matter and energy breast milk content (p<0.05). Conclusions:The majority of examined women in the first month of lactation was in normal state of nutrition. For the rest of women BMI values indicated for overweight. Our results confirm correlation between human milk composition and maternal nutritional status, especially in matters of energy value and fat content in human milk. STRESZCZENIEWprowadzenie: Mleko kobiece jest jedynym optymalnym pokarmem dla noworodków i niemowląt od chwili urodzenia do ukończenia 6 miesiąca życia. Unikalność pokarmu kobiecego wynika z idealnie dobranej ilościowo i jakościowo kompozycji składników. Skład mleka kobiecego jest dynamiczny i może się różnić w zależności od stanu odżywienia kobiety karmiącej. Cel: Celem badania była analiza zależności między składem mleka kobiecego a stanem odżywienia kobiety karmiącej piersią. Materiał i metody: Próbki mleka pochodzące z dobowej zbiórki mleka zostały dostarczone przez 40 zdrowych kobiet karmiących dzieci wyłącznie. Badanie prowadzono w pierwszym miesiącu laktacji. W otrzymanym materiale oznaczono zawartość białka całkowitego i białka odżywczego, tłuszczu, węglowodanów, suchej masy oraz wartość energetyczną, używając analizatora składu mleka (HMA MIRIS). Aktualny wskaźnik masy ciała BMI badanej populacji został wyliczony na podstawie dokonanych pomiarów antropometrycznych (masa i wysokość ciała). Na tej podstawie oceniono stan odżywienia matek karmiących piersią uczestniczących w badaniu. Wyniki: Dla 30 kobiet (75%) BMI mieściło się w zakresie 18.5-24.9 kg/m 2 , dla pozostałych (25%) przekraczało 25.0 kg/ m 2 . Mediana zawartości makroskładników w mleku kobiecym wynosiła dla białka -1.1 g/100 ml, dla węglowodanów 7.0 g/100 ml, dla tłuszczu 3.5 g/100 ml, dla suchej masy 11.9 g/100 m...

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“…However, emerging evidence shows that breast milk is highly complex with significant variation between women in concentrations of bioactive compounds beyond that of basic macro nutriture. [2][3][4][5][6] Little is known about the association between maternal obesity and non-nutritive components of breast milk. Given that nearly 60% of women enter pregnancy with overweight or obesity in the U.S., 7 and approximately 50% exceed the Institute of Medicine (IOM) gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations, 8 it is important to examine the effect of maternal weight status on breast milk composition, and in turn, whether this affects the offspring's risk of future obesity and other adverse outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Maternal Weight Status Before, During, and After Pregnancy with Inflammatory Markers in Breast Milk

Whitaker¹,

Marino²,

Haapala³

et al. 2018

Obesity

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Objective-To examine the associations of maternal weight status before, during, and after pregnancy with breast milk C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6), two bioactive markers of inflammation, measured at one and three months postpartum.Methods-Participants were 134 exclusively breastfeeding mother-infant dyads taking part in the Mothers and Infants LinKed for Health (MILK) study, who provided breast milk samples. Prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) were assessed by chart abstraction; postpartum weight loss was measured at the one and three month study visits. Linear regression was used to examine the associations of maternal weight status with repeated measures of breast milk CRP and IL-6 at one and three months, after adjustment for potential confounders.Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms Contact Information for Corresponding Author: Ellen W. Demerath, 1300 S 2 nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, ewd@umn.edu, Telephone: 612-624-8231. Disclosures:No other conflicts of interest were reported.Author Contributions: DAF and EWD conceived the project and were responsible for data collection. KMW ran the statistical analyses and wrote the manuscript. LF and KDS assisted with data collection. AMT conducted all breast milk assays. JLH was responsible for data management. DRJ and EWD assisted with statistical analyses. RM completed the literature review. All authors critically reviewed the manuscript and had final approval of the submitted and published versions. HHS Public AccessAuthor manuscript Obesity (Silver Spring). Author manuscript; available in PMC 2018 April 06. Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author ManuscriptResults-Pre-pregnancy BMI and excessive GWG, but not total GWG or postpartum weight loss, were independently associated with breast milk CRP after adjustment (β=0.49, p<0.001 and β=0.51, p=0.011, respectively). No associations were observed for IL-6.Conclusions-High pre-pregnancy BMI and excessive GWG are associated with elevated levels of breast milk CRP. The consequences of infants receiving varying concentrations of breast milk inflammatory markers are unknown; however, we speculate that there are implications for the intergenerational transmission of disease risk.

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Maternal Characteristics Associated with Milk Leptin Content in a Sample of Filipino Women and Associations with Infant Weight for Age

Abstract: The association between maternal body composition, milk leptin, and infant growth persists in mothers with lean body composition. Milk leptin is not associated with growth in older infants.

Cited by 37 publications

References 49 publications

Associations between Maternal Body Composition and Appetite Hormones and Macronutrients in Human Milk

Associations between Maternal Body Composition and Appetite Hormones and Macronutrients in Human Milk

Correlation between human milk composition and maternal nutritional status

Associations of Maternal Weight Status Before, During, and After Pregnancy with Inflammatory Markers in Breast Milk

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