Maternal Condition and Nest Site Choice: An Alternative for the Maintenance of Environmental Sex Determination?

Roosenburg, Willem M.

doi:10.1093/icb/36.2.157

Cited by 143 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Conover 1984 temperature may differentially affect fitness in males and females via multiple, complex pathways (reviewed by Shine 1999), posing a substantial challenge to comprehensive empirical analysis. For example, TSD may enhance maternal fitness if (A) egg size (i.e., offspring size) has sex-specific fitness consequences (Roosenburg 1996); (B) incubation temperature influences phenotypes of offspring independent of sex, but the phenotypic determinants of fitness differ between males and females; (C) incubation temperature differentially modifies fitness-related phenotypes (and hence fitness) of male and female offspring (Shine et al 1995;Elphick and Shine 1999); or (D) incubation temperature influences the timing of hatching, allowing offspring sex to be matched with the optimal seasonal time for hatching (Conover 1984). Any attempt to test the Charnov-Bull approach thus necessarily must examine a wide range of variables.…”

Section: Rhen and Lang 1995mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variation in egg size can generate variation in offspring size and subsequent fitness (Sinervo et al 1992), and the relationship between offspring size and fitness may differ between the sexes (Roosenburg 1996). Thus, a female parent may benefit by producing offspring of the sex that benefits most from a given egg size (Roosenburg 1996; but see Morjan and Janzen 2003).…”

Section: Hypothesis A: Different Optimal Egg Sizes For Sons Versus Damentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, a female parent may benefit by producing offspring of the sex that benefits most from a given egg size (Roosenburg 1996; but see Morjan and Janzen 2003). Temperature-dependent sex determination can enhance maternal fitness by allowing a female to select a nest site with a thermal regime that will produce the sex of offspring that is best suited to the mean egg size in her clutch.…”

Section: Hypothesis A: Different Optimal Egg Sizes For Sons Versus Damentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Adaptive Significance of Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination: Experimental Tests With a Short-Lived Lizard

Warner

Shine

2005

Evolution

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Abstract. Why is the sex of many reptiles determined by the temperatures that these animals experience during embryogenesis, rather than by their genes? The Charnov-Bull model suggests that temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) can enhance maternal fitness relative to genotypic sex determination (GSD) if offspring traits affect fitness differently for sons versus daughters and nest temperatures either determine or predict those offspring traits. Although potential pathways for such effects have attracted much speculation, empirical tests largely have been precluded by logistical constraints (i.e., long life spans and late maturation of most TSD reptiles). We experimentally tested four differential fitness models within the Charnov-Bull framework, using a short-lived, early-maturing Australian lizard (Amphibolurus muricatus) with TSD. Eggs from wild-caught females were incubated at a range of thermal regimes, and the resultant hatchlings raised in large outdoor enclosures. We applied an aromatase inhibitor to half the eggs to override thermal effects on sex determination, thus decoupling sex and incubation temperature. Based on relationships between incubation temperatures, hatching dates, morphology, growth, and survival of hatchlings in their first season, we were able to reject three of the four differential fitness models. First, matching offspring sex to egg size was not plausible because the relationship between egg (offspring) size and fitness was similar in the two sexes. Second, sex differences in optimal incubation temperatures were not evident, because (1) although incubation temperature influenced offspring phenotypes and growth, it did so in similar ways in sons versus daughters, and (2) the relationship between phenotypic traits and fitness was similar in the two sexes, at least during preadult life. We were unable to reject a fourth model, in which TSD enhances offspring fitness by generating seasonal shifts in offspring sex ratio: that is, TSD allows overproduction of daughters (the sex likely to benefit most from early hatching) early in the nesting season. In keeping with this model, hatching early in the season massively enhanced body size at the beginning of the first winter, albeit with a significant decline in probability of survival. Thus, the timing of hatching is likely to influence reproductive success in this short-lived, early maturing species; and this effect may well differ between the sexes.

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Section: Rhen and Lang 1995mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hypothesis A: Different Optimal Egg Sizes For Sons Versus Damentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hypothesis A: Different Optimal Egg Sizes For Sons Versus Damentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Adaptive Significance of Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination: Experimental Tests With a Short-Lived Lizard

Warner

Shine

2005

Evolution

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“…Whereas temperature effects on certain traits may be mediated by temperature-induced variation is sex steroid levels in some species, studies in snapping turtles indicate 96 T. Rhen and J. W. Lang McKnight and Gutzke 1993Bobyn and Brooks 1994Spotila et al 1994Roosenburg 1996Roosenburg and Kelley 1996Foley 1998Demuth 2001Janzen and Morjan 2002 that temperature can have effects mediated via alternative mechanisms. In experiments described earlier, snapping turtle embryos were treated with exogenous estrogen or a potent aromatase inhibitor at the beginning of the thermosensitive period (TSP).…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms For Temperature Effects On Phenotypementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Purportedly, TSD persists adaptively in some systems where maternal effects on egg allocation prevent the evolution of GSD. Based on data from Malaclemys terrapin, Roosenburg (1996) proposed that females choose nesting sites according to the size of their eggs, because egg size is positively correlated with offspring size and translates into differential fitness for sons and daughters (sensu Charnov and Bull 1977). Female hatchlings are postulated to benefit more from a larger initial size through posthatching growth (thus related to the sexual size dimorphism hypothesis).…”

Section:       mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in Vertebrates

Valenzuela¹,

Lance²

2018

Open Monographs

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Influence of incubation temperature on morphology, locomotor performance, and early growth of hatchling wall lizards (Podarcis muralis)

2000

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Eggs of wall lizards (Podarcis muralis) were incubated at three temperatures approaching the upper limit of viability for embryonic development in this species (26, 29, and 32°C) to assess the influence of temperature on various aspects of hatchling phenotype likely affecting fitness. The thermal environment affected size and several morphometric characteristics of hatchling lizards. Hatchlings from eggs incubated at 32°C were smaller (snout‐vent length, SVL) than those from 26 and 29°C and had smaller mass residuals (from the regression on SVL) as well as shorter tail, head, and femur relative to SVL. Variation in the level of fluctuating asymmetry in meristic and morphometric traits associated with incubation temperatures was quite high but not clearly consistent with the prediction that environmental stress associated with the highest incubation temperatures might produce the highest level of asymmetry. When tested for locomotor capacity in trials developed at body temperatures of 32 and 35°C, hatchlings from the 32°C incubation treatment exhibited the worst performance in any aspect considered (burst speed, maximal length, and number of stops in the complete run). Repeated measures ANCOVAs (with initial egg mass as covariate) of snout‐vent length and mass of lizards at days 0 and 20 revealed significant effects of incubation temperature only for mass, being again the hatchlings from eggs incubated at 32°C those exhibiting the smallest final size. All together, our results evidenced a pervasive effect of thermal regime during incubation (and hence of nest site selection) on hatchling phenotypes. However, incubation temperature does not affect hatchling phenotypes in a continuous way; for most of the analysed traits a critical threshold seems to exist between 29 and 32°C, so that hatchlings incubated at 32°C exhibited major detrimental effects. J. Exp. Zool. 286:422–433, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Maternal Condition and Nest Site Choice: An Alternative for the Maintenance of Environmental Sex Determination?

Cited by 143 publications

References 16 publications

The Adaptive Significance of Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination: Experimental Tests With a Short-Lived Lizard

The Adaptive Significance of Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination: Experimental Tests With a Short-Lived Lizard

Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in Vertebrates

Influence of incubation temperature on morphology, locomotor performance, and early growth of hatchling wall lizards (Podarcis muralis)

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