Maternal conjugated linoleic acid alters hepatic lipid metabolism via the AMPK signaling pathway in chick embryos

Abstract

The effects of maternal conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on embryonic development and hepatic lipid metabolism were investigated in chick embryos. A total of 180 Arbor Acres female broiler breeders (36 wk old) were randomly divided into the following 3 dietary treatment groups: a basic diet (control), a basic diet containing 0.5% CLA (CLA1), and a basic diet containing 1.0% CLA (CLA2). The females were fed for 8 wk, and the eggs from each group were collected and hatched during the last 2 wk. The results showed that the addition of dietary CLA increased the broken egg rate and reduced the fertilization rate and the egg hatchability ( P < 0.05). CLA enrichment decreased the polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and increased the saturated fatty acids in the yolk sac ( P < 0.05). The yolk sac weight, body weight, and body length had a linear decrease with CLA supplementation ( P < 0.05). In the developing chick embryo (at E14) and newly hatched chick (D0), the serum triglyceride concentration decreased with maternal CLA supplementation and was accompanied by a reduction in subcutaneous adipose tissue deposition. In addition, maternal CLA supplementation mediated the hepatic lipid metabolism by decreasing the mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and increasing the mRNA expression of adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α (PPARα), liver fatty acid-binding protein, adipose triglyceride lipase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase in embryonic chick livers ( P < 0.05). A drop in SREBP-1c protein expression and an increase in the protein expression of p-AMPKα and PPARα were also observed in the liver of chick embryo ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, maternal CLA supplementation regulated the fatty acid composition in the yolk sac, and mediated embryonic chick development and hepatic lipometabolism, and these effects may be related to the AMPK pathway. These findings suggest the potential ability of maternal CLA supplementation to reduce fat deposition in chick embryos.

Arachidonic acid metabolism is elevated inMycoplasma gallisepticumandEscherichia colico-infection and induces LTC4 in serum as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease

“…After signal path enrichment analysis, we found that the DEMs were significantly enriched in the metabolic pathways of the linoleic acid (3/4 metabolites), taurine and hypotaurine (4/6 metabolites), AA (14/31 metabolites). These pathways are important for anti-inflammatory and immune responses during infection [ 34 , 35 ]. Studies have shown that pathway impact greater than 0.1 means that the pathway has enriched, and greater than 0.4 means significant enrichment [ 36 ].…”

Quantitative Profiling of Oxylipin Reveals the Mechanism of Pien-Tze-Huang on Alcoholic Liver Disease

“…Previous studies have indicated that oxylipin metabolites can regulate the AMPK signaling pathway [27][28][29][30]. e results showed that although the phosphorylation of AMPK was not significantly different in the model group compared with the control group, PZH-H intervention markedly promoted the phosphorylation of AMPK (Figure 7(a)).…”

“…Previous studies have proved that EPA could improve palmitate-induced endothelial dysfunction and lipotoxicity by activating AMPK pathway [ 28 , 48 ]. In addition, LA can reduce hepatic lipid metabolism [ 29 , 30 ], insulin resistance, and adiposity [ 49 , 50 ] via the AMPK pathway. PGE2 can negatively regulate the AMPK pathway [ 51 , 52 ].…”

Serum Metabolomic Profiling to Reveal Potential Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Fatty Liver Hemorrhagic Syndrome in Laying Hens

“…The lack of linoleic acid leads to a significant decline in the growth rate of animals, causing reproductive obstacle diseases and disorders of lipid metabolism in the body. Fu et al (2020) have shown that supplementation of maternal conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) could reduce lipid synthesis through the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signal pathway in chicken embryo liver. Therefore, we speculate that the decrease of laying rate and the increase of liver fat deposition in FLHS laying hens may be related to the decrease of serum unsaturated fatty acid content.…”