Maternal heart rate variability just before surgery significantly correlated with emergence behavior of children undergoing general anesthesia

Abstract

Two-hour maternal HRV just before surgery significantly correlated with emergence behavior of children undergoing general anesthesia.

Increased heart rate variability correlation between mother and child immediately pre‐operation

“…1,2 Such an effect on children could be an important cause of the restless emergence from anesthesia as the short-time effect. 12 As a long-time effect, stressful events and psychosocial stress for mothers influence the mother-child relationship. 15,16 Also, parental stress may influence the child's anxiety level.…”

“…Data recorded in the palm-sized electrocardiographic unit were analyzed for HRV by the maximum entropy method (CHIRAM, Suwa Trust Japan, Tokyo, Japan). [11][12][13] In the ward, lights-out time was at 21:00 hours and wake-up time at 06:00 hours; hence, we analyzed the recorded data, defining 21:00-06:00 hours as stage I and 06:00-08:00 hours before arrival in the operation room as stage II. 12 A minimum sample size of 20 was needed to detect a specific Pearson correlation coefficient r, when we expected the correlation coefficient to be 0.6 with a power of 80% (b 5 0.20) and a significance level of 0.05 (a 5 0.05).…”

Induction and emergence behavior of children undergoing general anesthesia correlates with maternal salivary amylase activity before the anesthesia

“…On completion of surgery, sevoflurane was discontinued. When the children displayed facial grimaces, purposeful movement and protective upper airway reflexes, were breathing spontaneously, regularly and adequately, and opened their eyes, the tracheal tubes were removed (4, 18, 19). We transferred the children to the recovery room and observed them for 20 min.…”

Behavior of children emerging from general anesthesia correlates with their heart rate variability

“…We could easily expect some autonomic changes in these agitated children. Frequency-domain analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is a sophisticated noninvasive tool to assess autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulation of the heart [2]. When humans are under various physical and mental stress conditions, disturbances in the ANS occur.…”

“…Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane (1.5%-2.5%) in 100% oxygen and fentanyl 4 lg kg -1 without further vecuronium. On completion of the surgery, sevoflurane was discontinued and a palm-sized electrocardiographic unit (Active Tracer.AC300; GMS, Tokyo, Japan) [2] was placed on each child for continuous recording of variation in their autonomic nervous activities. When the child displayed a facial grimace, purposeful movement, and protective upper airway reflexes, and was breathing spontaneously, regularly, and adequately, and had opened their eyes, the tracheal tube was removed.…”