Maternal hepatitis B or C status and the long‐term risk of gastrointestinal morbidity for offspring: A population‐based cohort study

Yoles, Israel; Abu‐Freha, Naim; Wainstock, Tamar

doi:10.1111/liv.14193

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We recently published two other works that show that the hepatitis B/C carrier status of the mothers is an independent risk factor for long-term gastrointestinal and respiratory morbidity among the offspring [21,22]. In the present study, we found that maternal chronic hepatitis C, which is a known risk factor of endocrine morbidity to the carrier, can affect long-term endocrine morbidity among their offspring.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Maternal Hepatitis B Virus or Hepatitis C Virus Carrier Status and Long-Term Endocrine Morbidity of the Offspring—A Population-Based Cohort Study

Abu‐Freha

Wainstock

Menachem

2020

JCM

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This study aimed to investigate the long-term effect of maternal hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) carrier status on offspring endocrine morbidity. A population-based cohort study included all singleton deliveries between the years 1991-2014 at the Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Southern Israel. The mothers were subdivided into three groups, HBV carriers, HCV carriers and non-carriers. Data regarding the long-term endocrine morbidity of their offspring were compared between the groups. The study included 242,905 (99.7%) non-carrying mothers, 591 (0.2%) mothers who were carriers for HBV and 186 (0.1%) mothers who were carriers for HCV. The Kaplan-Meier's survival curve demonstrated a significantly higher cumulative endocrine morbidity in children born to mothers with HCV (log-rank test, p = 0.002). Specifically, higher rates of hypoglycemia were noted among the offspring born to mothers who were carriers of HCV (1.1%; p = 0.001) compared with the offspring of mothers who were either carriers of HBV (0.2%) or non-carriers (0.1%). A Cox regression model controlled for maternal age, gestational age, maternal diabetes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, found maternal HCV carrier status to be independently associated with pediatric endocrine morbidity in the offspring (adjusted hazard ratio = 5.05, 95% CI: 1.625-15.695, p = 0.005). Maternal HCV carrier status is an independent risk factor for long-term endocrine morbidity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Maternal Hepatitis B Virus or Hepatitis C Virus Carrier Status and Long-Term Endocrine Morbidity of the Offspring—A Population-Based Cohort Study

Abu‐Freha

Wainstock

Menachem

2020

JCM

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“…HBV in pregnant women is an independent risk factor of gastrointestinal disease in offspring [13]. In areas endemic to chronic hepatitis B, perinatal transmission occurs in 70% to 90% of children born to HBeAg + mothers.…”

Section: Hbvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus infection and direct-acting antivirals in pregnancy

Huang¹,

Tang²

2022

Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol.

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Objective: Antiviral therapy during pregnancy has always presented difficulties in clinical practice. This review covers the safety and efficacy of the direct use of antivirals during pregnancy. Mechanism: We conducted literature research to summarize the available evidence on the use of direct-acting antivirals during pregnancy for infections due to influenza, hepatitis B and C, human immunodeficiency, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus, Ebola, and Zika viruses, and human coronavirus. Findings in brief: To support further the rational use of antivirals during pregnancy, the discussion includes the influence of pregnancy on pharmacokinetics, safety, and transplacental permeability, and the protection of mothers and children from vertical transmission. Conclusion: Data on the use of antiviral drugs during pregnancy are currently insufficient. Promoting research on the ethics of drug experimentation, and pharmacokinetics, drug metabolism, and pharmacological effects of pregnancy, is essential to improve the care of pregnant women and even save lives during current and future outbreaks.

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“…The risk of vertical transmission in women with positive HCV RNA is doubled in the presence of HIV co-infection (10.8 % vs 5.8 %) [77,78]. There is some recent evidence that HCV carrier status could be associated with a higher rate of long-term respiratory complications (including asthma and obstructive sleep apnoea) and gastrointestinal morbidities (including gastroenteritis, colitis and oesophageal disease) in their offspring [79].…”

Section: Hepatitis Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Hepatitis in pregnancy

Chilaka

Konje

2021

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductiv

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The global prevalence of viral hepatitis is very high and seems to be rising over the years. The infection can profoundly affect pregnant women causing significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality with some strains much worse than others. Hepatitis A (HAV) and E (HEV) which are transmitted mainly through the faecal-oral route present as acute hepatitis during pregnancy and are responsible for most local epidemic outbreaks. HAV infection remains self-limiting during pregnancy, while HEV has a higher prevalence and causes significant morbidity. It is also associated with a very high maternal mortality rate (20 %) and requires special attention in endemic areas. HEV vaccines do exist, but the WHO has yet to approve them for general use. Hepatitis B is the most prevalent form and is part of the antenatal screening program. The presence of HBeAg is associated with high viral loads and infectivity. Antiviral therapy, preferably tenofovir (TDF), is recommended for mothers with viral load ! 200,000 IU/mL 2), with the neonates receiving both active and passive immunisations. Hepatitis C and D are usually found as chronic infections in the pregnant and non-pregnant populations. Screening for hepatitis C during pregnancy and its subsequent management is still unsettled, but the introduction of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drugs will change the picture if their safety is established in pregnancy. HDV is an incomplete virus linked to HBV and cannot establish an infection on its own. Controlling HBV is paramount to controlling HDV. HEV is quite prevalent and looked upon as hepatotropic. It seems to be quite prevalent in some blood donor populations and has a high coinfection rate with HCV. It has a high Mother-to-Child-Transmission (MTCT) but causes little or no illness in infected infants, and antenatal screening is not justified. This review summarises the prevalence, clinical picture, maternal, perinatal effects, and the management and prevention of hepatitis A, B, C, D, E and G viral infections during pregnancy.

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Maternal hepatitis B or C status and the long‐term risk of gastrointestinal morbidity for offspring: A population‐based cohort study

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Maternal Hepatitis B Virus or Hepatitis C Virus Carrier Status and Long-Term Endocrine Morbidity of the Offspring—A Population-Based Cohort Study

Maternal Hepatitis B Virus or Hepatitis C Virus Carrier Status and Long-Term Endocrine Morbidity of the Offspring—A Population-Based Cohort Study

Virus infection and direct-acting antivirals in pregnancy

Viral Hepatitis in pregnancy

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