Maternal hormones during early pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

Chen, Tianhui; Lundin, Eva; Grankvist, Kjell; Zeleniuch‐Jacquotte, Anne; Wulff, Marianne; Afanasyeva, Yelena; Schöck, Helena; Lenner, Per; Hallmans, Göran; Wadell, Göran; Toniolo, Paolo; Lukanova, Annekatrin

doi:10.1007/s10552-009-9500-2

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Considering the NSMC study most similar to the current study, restricted to primiparous women (2), blood samples were collected at similar gestational ages (means, NSMC: 70 days; FMC: 74 days), and both studies used the same matching factors. The inverse relationship between smoking and hCG observed in this study is consistent with a prior investigation in the NSMC (26). hCG concentrations at mean GA at blood collection were somewhat lower in the NSMC (geometric means, among controls, NSMC: 97,416 mIU/mL at 70 days GA vs. FMC: 114,962 mIU/mL at 73 days GA).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Does Not Correlate with Risk for Maternal Breast Cancer: Results from the Finnish Maternity Cohort

et al. 2017

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Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is necessary for the maintenance of early pregnancy and promotes normal breast cell differentiation. Administered hCG reduces risk of carcinogen-induced breast cancer in animal models, and higher circulating hCG concentrations were associated with significantly lower long-term risk of breast cancer in a prior nested case-control study. In this study, we investigated early pregnancy hCG concentrations and subsequent breast cancer risk. We conducted a nested case-control study with 1,191 cases and 2,257 controls (matched on age and date at blood collection) in the Finnish Maternity Cohort (FMC), a cohort with serum samples from 98% of pregnancies registered in Finland since 1983. This study included women with a serum sample collected early (<140 days gestation) in their first pregnancy resulting in a live, term birth. Breast cancer cases were identified via the Finnish Cancer Registry. Age at breast cancer diagnosis ranged from 22–58 years (mean: 41 years). hCG was measured using a solidphase competitive chemiluminescence assay. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression. We observed no association between hCG and breast cancer risk, overall (Quartile 4 vs. 1, OR: 1.14 95% confidence interval [0.94–1.39]), by estrogen and progesterone receptor status, or by ages at first term birth or diagnosis. Associations did not differ by time between pregnancy and diagnosis (e.g., <5 years, ORQ4 vs. Q1: 1.10 [0.64–1.89]; ≥ 15 years, ORQ4 vs. Q1: 1.36 [0.86–2.13]; pheterogeneity=0.62). This large prospective study does not support an inverse relationship between early pregnancy serum hCG concentrations and breast cancer risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Does Not Correlate with Risk for Maternal Breast Cancer: Results from the Finnish Maternity Cohort

et al. 2017

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“…Circulating IGF-I levels have been associated with insulin resistance [26]. Consistent with the findings from a previous study [27], we observed no differences in maternal IGF-I and IGF-II concentrations by fetal sex, indicating that IGFs may not be involved in greater insulin resistance in women bearing a female fetus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Female fetus is associated with greater maternal insulin resistance in pregnancy

Xiao

Zhao

Nuyt³

et al. 2014

Diabet. Med.

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“…Firstly, concentrations of all studied hormone varied linearly with gestational age (Figure 1). Secondly, the same approach has been extensively used in various epidemiological studies (50–53). Thirdly, in fact the former approach provides more straightforward interpretation in comparison with the presentation of residual values by the local linear regression, as the latter approach is required to calculate the difference (residual) between the assay value and the estimated mean hormone value determined for the day of gestation on which the blood sample was donated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Sex Steroids during Pregnancy and Maternal Risk of Non-epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Chen

Surcel

Lundin

et al. 2011

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background Sex steroid hormones have been proposed to play a role in the development of non-epithelial ovarian cancers (NEOC) but so far no direct epidemiological data are available. Methods A case-control study was nested within the Finnish Maternity Cohort, the world’s largest bio-repository of serum specimens from pregnant women. Study subjects were selected among women who donated a blood sample during a singleton pregnancy that led to the birth of their last child preceding diagnosis of NEOC. Case subjects were 41 women with sex-cord stromal tumors (SCST) and 21 with germ cell tumors (GCT). Three controls, matching the index case for age, parity at the index pregnancy, and date at blood donation were selected (n=171). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) associated with concentrations of testosterone, androstenedione, 17-OH-progesterone, progesterone, estradiol and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were estimated through conditional logistic regression. Results For SCST, doubling of testosterone, androstenedione and 17-OH-progesterone concentrations were associated with about 2-fold higher risk of SCST [ORs and 95% CI of 2.16 (1.25–3.74), 2.16 (1.20–3.87), and 2.62 (1.27–5.38), respectively]. These associations remained largely unchanged after excluding women within 2, 4 or 6 years lag-time between blood donation and cancer diagnosis. Sex steroid hormones concentrations were not related to maternal risk of GCT. Conclusions This is the first prospective study providing initial evidence that elevated androgens play a role in the pathogenesis of SCST. Impact Our study may note a particular need for larger confirmatory investigations on sex steroids and NEOC.

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Maternal hormones during early pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 24 publications

References 63 publications

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Does Not Correlate with Risk for Maternal Breast Cancer: Results from the Finnish Maternity Cohort

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Does Not Correlate with Risk for Maternal Breast Cancer: Results from the Finnish Maternity Cohort

Female fetus is associated with greater maternal insulin resistance in pregnancy

Circulating Sex Steroids during Pregnancy and Maternal Risk of Non-epithelial Ovarian Cancer

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