Maternal immunity, a way to confer protection against enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

Torres, Alfredo G.

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2017.05.002

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…The difference in the rate of infection could be attributed to the protective capacity of maternal immunity transmitted through breastfeeding [ 54 , 55 ]. In particular, there is a prevailing notion that breastfeeding plays a crucial role in the protection of children against E. coli infection due to the presence of antibodies specifically targeting virulence factors [ 56 ]. Observations in previous studies demonstrate that components in the milk provide protective factors that prevent STEC attachment to the intestine and block the path of pathogenesis [ 57 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Diarrhea in Children under Five Years in Northwestern Ethiopia

Mulu,

Belete,

Demlie

et al. 2024

TropicalMed

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Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) are the leading cause of infectious diarrhea and pose a significant global, regional, and national burden of disease. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of six DEC pathotypes in children with diarrhea and determine their antibiotic resistance patterns. Samples from 107 diarrheagenic children were collected and processed for Escherichia coli (E. coli). Single-plex PCR was used to detect target virulence genes as well as characterize and categorize DEC pathotypes. Antibiotic resistance patterns were determined by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. E. coli was detected in 79 diarrheal stool samples, accounting for 73.8% of the samples collected. Additionally, 49.4% (39 out of 79) of the isolates harbored various typical virulence factors. Results revealed six pathotypes of virulence: enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (53.8%), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (12.8%), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (10.3%), Heteropathotypes (7.8%), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) (7.7% each). The isolates exhibited high antibiotic resistance against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (82.1%), amoxicillin (79.5%), ampicillin (74.4%), gentamicin (69.2%), and streptomycin (64.1%). An overall occurrence of 84.6% of multiple-drug resistance was observed in the isolates, with resistance ranging from three to four antibiotic classes. Our findings revealed a high level of pathogenic E. coli that were highly resistant to multiple categories of antibiotics among children in the Awi zone. These findings highlight the potential role of pathogenic E. coli in childhood diarrhea in tropical low-resource settings and underscore the need for continued research on the characteristics of pathogenic and antibiotic-resistant strains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Diarrhea in Children under Five Years in Northwestern Ethiopia

Mulu,

Belete,

Demlie

et al. 2024

TropicalMed

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Low Dimensional vanadium pentoxide nanomaterial: Experimental and theoretical characterization on enhancing LED performance

Saravanakannan,

Ganesh,

Vinoth

et al. 2025

Chemical Physics Letters

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The current state of immunization against Gram-negative bacteria in children: a review of the literature

Broad¹,

Doaré

Heath

et al. 2020

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of reviewGram-negative bacteria (GNB) are a major cause of infection worldwide and multidrug resistance in infants and children. The major pathogens include Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii.With new antibiotic options limited, immunisation is likely to play a critical role in prevention. This review discusses their epidemiology, the current state of vaccine research, and potential immunisation strategies to protect children. MethodsA comprehensive review of the literature, conference abstracts along with web searches was performed to identify current and investigational vaccines against the major GNB in children. Recent findingsPhase 1-3 vaccine trials have been undertaken for the major Gram-negative bacteria, but not in infants or children. E. coli is a common infection in immune competent children, including neonatal sepsis. Several vaccines are in late-phase clinical trials, with some already licensed for recurrent urinary tract infections in women. Klebsiella spp. causes community-and hospital-acquired infections, including sepsis in neonates and immunocompromised children although no vaccine trials have extended beyond early phase II trials. P. aeruginosa is a common pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis. Phase I-III vaccine and monoclonal antibody trials are in progress, although candidates provide limited coverage against pathogenic strains. Enterobacter spp. and A. baumannii largely cause hospital-acquired infections with experimental vaccines limited to phase I research.

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Maternal immunity, a way to confer protection against enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Characteristics of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Diarrhea in Children under Five Years in Northwestern Ethiopia

Characteristics of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Diarrhea in Children under Five Years in Northwestern Ethiopia

Low Dimensional vanadium pentoxide nanomaterial: Experimental and theoretical characterization on enhancing LED performance

The current state of immunization against Gram-negative bacteria in children: a review of the literature

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