Maternal lifestyle characteristics during pregnancy, and the risk of obesity in the offspring: a study of 5,125 children

Mourtakos, Stamatis; Tambalis, Konstantinos D.; Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B.; Αntonogeorgos, George; Arnaoutis, Giannis; Karteroliotis, Konstantinos; Sidossis, Labros S.

doi:10.1186/s12884-015-0498-z

Cited by 104 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In case of miscarriage, women who were physically active reported significantly lower symptoms of depression compared to women who were not active [8]. Physical activity in combination with a proper diet during pregnancy also reduced the risk of overweight and obesity in women after childbirth [9] as well as the risk of overweight and obesity in the later years of the child's life [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ)

Suliga¹,

Sobaś²,

Król³

2017

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Introduction: The results of many studies confirm the positive effect of physical activity during pregnancy on the health of both mother and child. Due to this, it is important to use standardised methods of its assessment. In 2004, Chasan-Taber et al. developed the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ ), taking into account household/caregiving activities, occupational activities, sports/exercise activities, transportation activities, and inactivity. Aim of the research: The validation of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ ) by determination of its reproducibility. Material and methods:The questionnaire was validated from June 2014 to February 2015 among 164 women. The respondents were surveyed twice in a 2-week interval. The repeatability of the questionnaire was verified by determining the Pearson correlation coefficient between the results obtained for the same people in the first and second interview, thus determining the intra-subject variability. Inter-subject variability was analysed by comparing the average values of physical activity for the whole group using the Student's t-test for dependent samples. Results: For all levels of physical activity, a high correlation between the results obtained in both interviews was found. The correlation coefficient for total physical activity was r = 0.96. The reproducibility of the results obtained from PPAQ questionnaire was the highest for inactivity and moderate activity (r = 0.96). The analysis according to the type of activity showed that the reproducibility was the highest for occupational activity (r = 0.98). Conclusions: High reproducibility of results obtained using PPAQ questionnaire was found. This allows the assessed questionnaire to be considered as an accurate measurement tool that can be a source of reliable information about physical activity in pregnant women.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ)

Suliga¹,

Sobaś²,

Król³

2017

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“…However, a study in the offspring of mothers who remained physically active during pregnancy displayed more positive academic performance at the age of 6-18 years [29] revealing benefits of the continuing maternal PA practice (however, the contribution of additional possible factors were not analyzed). Higher birth weight, smoking status and low physical activity during pregnancy were also associated with obesity in the offspring at the age of 8 years [30].…”

Section: Effect Of Exercise During Pregnancy In Humansmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pregnancy, Exercise and Late Effects in the Offspring until Adult Age

Pařízková¹

2017

SOJGOW

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Maternal exercise during pregnancy as one of the critical periods can have significant delayed effect in the offsprring's fetal imprinting of future development until adult age; adequate and voluntary exercise is provided, not a forced one as a stress. Spontaneous physical activity of the offspring until adult age can be increased, and body composition, cardiac micro structure and reactibility (greater resistance to noxi), vasomotor function, glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity along with related diseases (diabetes) can be positively influenced. Bone development and also the enhancement of brain function and learning sensitivity can be improved as revealed in a number of experimental model animal studies. Exercise during pregnancy was also shown to compensate in the offspring the detrimental effect of inadequate, e.g. high fat diets. Possibility of introducing significant modifications of the programming of the offspring's desirable development and health status by adequate and physiological maternal exercise during pregnancy was supported also by some observations in humans. Keywords IntroductionThe level of physical activity (PA) and exercise (Ex) is an important environmental stimulus which has significant effect on a number of metabolic, humoral, functional, morphological, psychological and other characteristics of the organism which can manifest not only at present, but also as delayed consequences when implemented since the very beginning of life. Such effects depend on the character, intensity, frequency, duration of PA régimes and/or Ex, and the reaction and consequences can be also further modified by eventual adaptation to them when applied gradually and repeatedly during appropriate periods of time. Increased physical fitness, reduced adiposity along with reduced metabolic, musculoskeletal and psychological problems can result from adequate exercise, especially when applied during growth [1,2]. On the other hand, sudden forced implementation of increased Ex can become a stress with undesirable results as revealed e.g. in experimental models [3,4,5].Previous studies on the impact of Ex which modifies significantly energy balance and turnover showed also that the earlier such a stimulus is implemented and the longer it lasts, the more apparent are its manifestations; the adequacy of such a stimulus is essential, and should always have a character as related to the level of development of the organism when Ex is started to be implemented. Moreover, this effect can appear and has a special character when applied through the régime of PA of the pregnant mother [3][4][5][6].Fetal origin hypothesis of morbidity [4,5,7,8,9] and metabolic imprinting by prenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors [6][7][8][9][10] concern also PA and Ex. Their impact can be transferred during pregnancy on the fetus due to physical activity régimes and reactive changes to them of the pregnant mother, and could manifest significantly in the offspring during its own postnatal period up to the adult age. The effect of PA ...

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“…Conociéndose los problemas durante el embarazo para la madre obesa y su descendencia, así como las repercusiones a largo plazo, se debería tratar que las futuras madres obesas bajen de peso antes de concebir, así como minimizar la ganancia de peso durante la gestación (43,44) . Las mujeres obesas requieren una atención prenatal y manejo del parto y el puerperio que difi eren de la gestante con peso apropiado.…”

Section: Manejo De La Gestante Obesa Recomendaciones De Acogunclassified

Gestación en la mujer obesa: consideraciones especiales

Romero

2017

An Fac med

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Resumen La obesidad sería el problema de salud más común en las mujeres en edad reproductiva. Los embarazos complicados con obesidad se relacionan con diabetes gestacional, preeclampsia, parto pretérmino, partos instrumentados y cesáreas, así como infecciones y hemorragia en el posparto. Y el bebe tiene mayor riesgo de malformaciones congénitas, ser grande/macrosómico, complicarse con distocia de hombros y muerte fetal. Las implicancias relacionadas al manejo de la obesidad en el embarazo no son muy conocidas por la falta de opciones de manejo basadas en la evidencia. El manejo de la obesidad debería empezar desde antes del embarazo, siguiendo el precepto de que una mujer debe estar en las mejores condiciones físicas y mentales si desea gestar. El profesional de la salud encargado del control prenatal necesita del apoyo de un nutricionista y/o endocrinólogo. Se debe tener en cuenta que las mujeres obesas pueden tener más dificultades en el parto, por lo que requieren de infraestructura y manejo especiales, por médicos especializados. En esta revisión se considera los problemas de salud relacionados en la madre y el hijo. Palabras clave. Obesidad; Gestación; Morbilidad Materna; Morbilidad Perinatal. Abstract Obesity would be the most common health problem for women of reproductive age. Pregnancies complicated with obesity are associated with gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, preterm birth, instrumental delivery and cesarean section, infections and postpartum hemorrhage. And the baby is at higher risk of congenital malformations, macrosomia, shoulder dystocia, and fetal death. The implications related to the management of obesity in pregnancy are not well understood due to lack of evidence-based management options. The management of obesity should start before the woman gets pregnant, following the rule that a woman should be in the best physical and mental conditions if she wants to have a baby. The health provider in charge of the prenatal care needs the support of a dietitian or an endocrinologist. Obese women are more likely to have difficulties during labor and delivery and require both special infrastructure and care by specialized physicians. Future health problems of mother and baby are considered in this review.

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Maternal lifestyle characteristics during pregnancy, and the risk of obesity in the offspring: a study of 5,125 children

Cited by 104 publications

References 54 publications

Validation of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ)

Validation of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ)

Pregnancy, Exercise and Late Effects in the Offspring until Adult Age

Gestación en la mujer obesa: consideraciones especiales

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