Maternal Plasma Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-2 at 11 to 13 Weeks of Gestation in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

Akolekar, Ranjit; Cruz, Jader; Penco, José María Pérez; Zhou, Yi; Nicolaides, Kypros H.

doi:10.3109/10641950903242675

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Estelles et al (1989) found that both antigenic and functional PAI-1 levels are increased while antigenic and functional levels of PAI-2 are decreased in the third trimester (≥28 weeks) compared with healthy controls [ 70 ]. In contrast, in the first trimester (11–13 weeks), PAI-2 in the plasma is observed to be not differently expressed in preeclampsia [ 71 ]. PAI-1 antigen levels are positively correlated to proteinuria in women with preeclampsia [ 72 ].…”

Section: Role Of Pai-1 In the Female Reproduction Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 in Pathologies of Female Reproductive Diseases

Yao

Vattai

Zhang

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Normal pregnancy is a state of hypercoagulability with diminishing fibrinolytic activity, which is mainly caused by an increase of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1). PAI-1 is the main inhibitor of plasminogen activators, including tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). In human placentas, PAI-1 is expressed in extravillous interstitial trophoblasts and vascular trophoblasts. During implantation and placentation, PAI-1 is responsible for inhibiting extra cellular matrix (ECM) degradation, thereby causing an inhibition of trophoblasts invasion. In the present study, we have reviewed the literature of various reproductive diseases where PAI-1 plays a role. PAI-1 levels are increased in patients with recurrent pregnancy losses (RPL), preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the previous pregnancy, endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In general, an increased expression of PAI-1 in the blood is associated with an increased risk for infertility and a worse pregnancy outcome. GDM and PCOS are related to the genetic role of the 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the role of PAI-1 in reproductive diseases. PAI-1 represents a promising monitoring biomarker for reproductive diseases and may be a treatment target in the near future.

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Section: Role Of Pai-1 In the Female Reproduction Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 in Pathologies of Female Reproductive Diseases

Yao

Vattai

Zhang

et al. 2017

IJMS

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“…Several other research groups reported that abnormal fibronectin [13,15,[27][28][29] and PAI-2 levels [14,[30][31][32] precede the onset of a PS, presumably from 20 weeks pregnancy onward [13-15, 29, 30, 32] . One study measured fibronectin at 13 weeks, but the authors only performed a trend analysis based on 3 consecutive measurements in the first, second and third trimester [16] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Fibronectin and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-2 Levels as Possible Predictors of Recurrent Placental Syndrome: An Exploratory Study

Al‐Nasiry¹,

Ghossein‐Doha²,

Marzano³

et al. 2016

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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Background/Aim: Placental syndromes (PS) are characterized by endothelial dysfunction complicating placental dysfunction. Possible markers for endothelial dysfunction and amount of trophoblast are fibronectin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2), respectively. We aimed (1) to determine whether in women with recurrent PS (rPS), this complication is preceded by deviating fibronectin- and PAI-2-levels, and (2) whether this is dependent on pre-pregnant plasma volume (PV). Methods: In 36 former patients, we determined fibronectin- and PAI-2-levels in blood-samples collected preconceptionally and at 12-16 weeks in their next pregnancy. Differences were analyzed between pregnancies with rPS (n = 12) and without rPS (non-rPS, n = 24) using linear mixed models, with subanalyses based on pre-pregnant normal or subnormal PV. Results: We observed higher fibronectin-levels at 12-16 weeks (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) and lower PAI-2-levels at 16 weeks (p < 0.01) in the rPS subgroup, the intergroup differences being larger in women with subnormal PV. Conclusion: We showed that former PS patients who developed rPS have raised fibronectin- and reduced PAI-2-levels already in early/mid pregnancy. These deviations are even more prominent in women with subnormal pre-pregnant PV, supporting development of a 2-step screening program for former patients to identify the high-risk subgroup of women who may benefit from closer surveillance.

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“…This inhibitor has been investigated widely in pregnancies complicated by PE, and a decrease in the plasma concentration of PAI-2 is observed in women with PE compared to normal pregnant women. This reduction may be related to impaired placental function in women with PE, 9 but misfolding of PAI-2 could also contribute to the reduced plasma concentration. Previously, studies have shown that misfolded proteins are present in the placenta and urine from women with PE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrinolytic Changes in Women with Preeclampsia

Godtfredsen

Sidelmann

Dolleris

et al. 2022

Clin Appl Thromb Hemost

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Objectives Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious complication of pregnancy. The fibrinolytic system play crucial roles regarding placentation and evolution of PE. Aim To study comprehensively components of the fibrinolytic system and fibrin lysability in women with PE. Design and Methods 117 women with PE and matched controls were included. Tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen, PAI-1, plasmin inhibitor (PI), D-dimer, the fibrinolytic potential of dextran sulphate euglobulin fraction (DEF), PAI-2, polymere PAI-2, fibrin clot lysability, thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) and fibrinogen were assessed. Results Women with PE had significantly increased concentrations of t-PA and PAI-1, whereas the plasma concentration of PAI-2 was significantly lower compared to controls, p < 0.0001. Polymere PAI-2 was detected in both groups. DEF, TAFI and fibrinogen were not different between the groups. D-dimer was significantly increased and plasminogen/PI together with fibrin clot lysability time decreased in the PE-group, p = 0.0004 p = 0.04, p = 0.03, p < 0.0001 respectively. Conclusion This study demonstrates that PE is associated with an affected t-PA/PAI-1 system, decreased PAI-2 and increased fibrin lysability. Furthermore, PAI-2 has the potential to polymerize during pregnancy.

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Maternal Plasma Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-2 at 11 to 13 Weeks of Gestation in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

Abstract: The decrease in plasma PAI-2 observed in preeclampsia does not precede the clinical onset of the disease.

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Role of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 in Pathologies of Female Reproductive Diseases

Role of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 in Pathologies of Female Reproductive Diseases

Circulating Fibronectin and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-2 Levels as Possible Predictors of Recurrent Placental Syndrome: An Exploratory Study

Fibrinolytic Changes in Women with Preeclampsia

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