Maternal posttraumatic stress disorder symptom trajectories following Hurricane Katrina: An initial examination of the impact of maternal trajectories on the well-being of disaster-exposed youth

Self-Brown, Shannon; Lai, Betty S.; Harbin, Shannon M.; Kelley, Mary Lou

doi:10.1007/s00038-014-0596-0

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Furthermore, it is possible that higher social support at Wave 4 could be related to parents’ and peers’ recovery post-disaster. The parents also experienced post-disaster-related distress, which may have impacted children’s recovery (Cobham, McDermott, Haslam, & Sanders, 2016; Kelley et al, 2010; Self-Brown, Lai, Harbin, & Kelley, 2014; Spell et al, 2008). It is possible that during the first two-years post-disaster, parents and peers are recovering themselves, thus decreasing the availability of social support for others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between social support and posttraumatic stress symptoms among youth exposed to a natural disaster

Lai

Osborne

Piscitello

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Children are a vulnerable population following a natural disaster, due to their age and dependence on adults. The primary presenting problem children report after disasters is posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Prior research suggests that PTSS is inversely related to social support, which is often disrupted after a disaster. Objective: This study examined the relationship between social support (from parents, teachers, and peers) and PTSS in children affected by Hurricane Katrina. The research contributes to the literature by examining the mechanisms that drive this relationship over time. Methods: In this study, 426 children were followed over four timepoints, beginning 3–7 months after Hurricane Katrina and concluding 25–27 months post-hurricane. Three path models analysed the relationship between social support (from parents, teachers, and peers, measured by the Social Support Scale for Children) and PTSS (measured by the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index). Covariates included child age, minority status, gender, perceived life threat, and actual life threat. Nonsignificant paths were trimmed from the final models. Global fit indices were examined to determine model fit. Results: In the parent and peer social support models, PTSS exhibited statistically significant effects on social support from one wave to the next. In the teacher model, this was only true between Waves 2 and 3. Social support showed a statistically significant effect on PTSS between Wave 2 and Wave 3 in the peer model (standardized estimate = −0.26, p < .0001). No paths from social support to PTSS were significant in the parent and teacher models. Conclusion: Findings support a social selection model in which PTSS undermine social support, particularly in the first two years post-disaster. If these findings are replicated, this suggests that, in cases of limited funding, PTSS should be prioritized, given their cascading effects on social support.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between social support and posttraumatic stress symptoms among youth exposed to a natural disaster

Lai

Osborne

Piscitello

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

Self Cite

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“…This supports the findings in other research that the more trauma a woman experiences (cumulative trauma) as well as the more severe the trauma, the greater the prevalence of PTSD (Pico-Alfonso 2005; Ribeiro et al 2009). Maternal PTSD stress levels post-disaster have also been found to not only impact the woman, but her children as well (Self-Brown et al 2014). There has been inadequate investigation into this area, which is another limitation of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This reinforces the need for brief interventions following a natural disaster delivered by trained health workers for PTSD. This care can especially be helpful in low-income settings for persons experiencing violence and may benefit their children who may have the symptoms of traumatic stress (Rezaejan 2013; Self-Brown et al 2014). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence and abuse of internally displaced women survivors of the 2010 Haiti earthquake

Campbell

Yarandi

et al. 2016

Int J Public Health

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Objectives Limited research following disasters suggests that internally displaced women are disproportionately vulnerable to violence and abuse. An interdisciplinary collaborative of researchers and practitioners in Haiti, the US Virgin Islands, and the US Mainland investigated gender-based violence (GBV) pre- and post-earthquake and health outcomes among Haitian women living in tent cities/camps following the 2010 earthquake. Methods A comparative descriptive correlational design using culturally sensitive and language appropriate computer-assisted interviews of 208 internally displaced women 2011–2013. Results Found high rates of violence and abuse both before (71.2 %) and after (75 %) p = 0.266, the earthquake primarily perpetrated by boy friends or husbands. Significantly more mental and physical health problems were reported by abused than non-abused women. The majority (60–78 %) of abused women did not report personal or community tolerance for violence and abuse, but acknowledged a community context of limited involvement. Conclusions Coordinated planning and implementation of needed interventions are essential to provide a balanced approach to the care of displaced women after natural disasters with sensitivity to the abusive experiences of many women both before and after the disasters.

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“…Recent studies of family responses to the Boston Marathon bombings (Kerns et al 2014), maternal trajectories of PTSS following Hurricane Katrina (Self-Brown et al 2014), and the role of caregivers in child adjustment following this hurricane (GilRivas and Kilmer 2014), indicate that children of parents high in distress are at increased risk for psychopathology. Focus groups conducted with impacted community members following the Gulf Oil Spill indicated harsher behaviors toward children and increased fighting and domestic violence .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Researchers have noted that the extent to which an event is perceived as intensely scary or disturbing, as well as the expression of anxiety symptoms and fears, depends on developmental capacities (Scheeringa et al 2011;Weems and Costa 2005). For example, events that involve compromised family relationships have special meaning for children due to their reliance on caregivers for survival and wellbeing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Perceptions of Trauma and Loss among Children and Adolescents Exposed to Disasters a Mixed-Methods Study

King

Osofsky

et al. 2015

Curr Psychol

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The purpose of the current study was to extend knowledge of youth exposed to multiple disasters and the experience of cumulative childhood adversity by analyzing perceptions of trauma and loss in children and adolescents. A concurrent mixed-methods design was utilized to explore an ethnically diverse, predominantly low-income sample of youth (N = 4,154) aged 8-18 years from three parishes (counties) in Louisiana impacted by Hurricane Katrina and the Gulf Oil Spill. Youth completed assessments of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), hurricane exposure and oil spill stress, and responded to an open-ended question regarding lifetime trauma and loss. Independent coders assigned responses to 30 categories using a qualitative codebook based on both predetermined and emerging information. Codes were compared and contrasted for meaning and grouped into broader, organizing themes. Themes of trauma and loss included: death and loss of others, threats to life, family disruption, interpersonal trauma, and life transitions. Trauma and loss predicted PTSS when controlling for hurricane exposure and oil spill stress. Most trauma and loss conferred generalized risk regardless of event typology, although interpersonal trauma had unique effects. Findings improve understanding of the nature and extent of trauma and loss among youth exposed to multiple disasters. The use of a mixed-methods design clarifies prior findings in the broader trauma literature and child disaster studies. Through identification of vulnerable subgroups and patterns in perceptions of trauma and loss, findings have important implications for prevention and intervention strategies that promote long-term recovery.

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Maternal posttraumatic stress disorder symptom trajectories following Hurricane Katrina: An initial examination of the impact of maternal trajectories on the well-being of disaster-exposed youth

Cited by 31 publications

References 30 publications

The relationship between social support and posttraumatic stress symptoms among youth exposed to a natural disaster

The relationship between social support and posttraumatic stress symptoms among youth exposed to a natural disaster

Violence and abuse of internally displaced women survivors of the 2010 Haiti earthquake

Perceptions of Trauma and Loss among Children and Adolescents Exposed to Disasters a Mixed-Methods Study

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