Maternal pre‐pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain and child weight during the first 2 years of life in an Amazonian birth cohort

Abstract

Background: In socially vulnerable populations, evidence is needed regarding the role of maternal nutritional status on child weight during the first 2 years of life. Objectives: We aimed to assess the association of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with offspring BMI-for-age z-scores (BAZs) during the first 2 years of life. Methods: A population-based birth cohort study was conducted with 900 mother-child pairs. Pre-pregnancy weight and weight at delivery were collected from medical records, and anthropometric data were measured at birth and at 6-month, 1-year and 2-year follow-up visits. Linear regression and linear mixed-effect models assessed associations with pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG and BAZ during the first 2 years of life. Results: Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity and excessive GWG were positively associated with BAZ at birth and at 1-and 2-year follow-up visits. There were no significant additional BAZ changes per year based on the exposures up to age 2 years. Conclusions: Elevated maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG were associated with a child's higher BAZ at birth, and these differences remained constant throughout the first 2 years of life in Amazonian children. These findings highlight the importance of promoting adequate maternal weight before pregnancy and during prenatal care also in socially vulnerable populations.child health, maternal nutritional status, paediatric obesity, pre-pregnancy BMI, pregnant women, weight gain Key points• Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity and excessive gestational weight gain were associated with child's higher BMI-for-age z at birth, and these

The Association of Maternal Weight Status throughout the Life-Course with the Development of Childhood Obesity: A Secondary Analysis of the Healthy Growth Study Data

“…Mothers have shown to play a key role of influence, since they are pivotal in setting the food landscape and eating patterns/choices of their children [19,20]. There is also considerable evidence pointing to perinatal factors occurring prior to the child's conception and risk of obesity [21][22][23], as well as during pregnancy [24][25][26]. Throughout the time-points of before pregnancy and during pregnancy up to the child's birth, there are several mechanistic pathways occurring early in life that have been proposed to interpret the associations observed between maternal obesity with the occurrence of obesity in offspring.…”

Determinantes das práticas de aleitamento materno nos primeiros dois anos de vida na coorte MINA-Brasil

“…Do mesmo modo, em análise prospectiva de dados da primeira coorte de gestantes da Amazônia ocidental brasileira, o ganho de peso gestacional (GPG) semanal medido entre o segundo e o terceiro trimestres foi inadequado em 78% das gestantes (CAMPOS et al, 2019). O peso gestacional final foi inadequado em 63% das mulheres, das quais 28,6% ganharam peso insuficiente e 34.4% peso excessivo (SANTOS DA SILVA et al, 2023).…”

“…O estado nutricional materno, antes e durante a gestação, é um dos principais determinantes dos desfechos da gravidez. O GPG insuficiente associa-se à prematuridade e baixo peso ao nascer (HUNG e HSIEH, 2016;ZHANG et al, 2018), enquanto o GPG excessivo tem sido associado a distúrbios hipertensivos, parto cesáreo, macrossomia (DUDE et al, 2019;DURST et al, 2016), e maior peso na infância e no início da idade adulta (MAMUN et al, 2014;SANTOS DA SILVA et al, 2023;WIDEN et al, 2016). Além disso, o efeito do GPG nos desfechos materno-infantis varia com o peso da mulher no início da gestação (HUNG e HSIEH, 2016), comumente expresso como índice de massa corporal prégestacional (IMC-P, kg/m2).…”