Maternal prenatal and/or postnatal n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) supplementation for preventing allergies in early childhood

Gunaratne, Anoja W.; Makrides, Maria; Collins, Carmel T

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010085.pub2

Cited by 99 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…Contrary to expectation; we found an increased incidence of atopic eczema in children born to supplemented mothers. Our results differ from prior studies, including the conclusions of the Cochrane systematic review that evaluated the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on allergic outcomes [14]. There may be several reasons for this observed difference.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Omega-3 Supplementation and Eczema Risk Among Offspring at Age 36 Months

Berman

Clinton

Limb

et al. 2016

Insights Allergy Asthma Bronchitis

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Background Long-term follow-up was completed in 84 mother-infant pairs of 118 women who completed a randomized controlled trial of prenatal supplementation with EPA- or DHA-rich fish oil or soy oil placebo. The goal of this study was to determine whether prenatal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation protects offspring against development of early childhood allergies. Methods and Findings Assessment of childhood allergic/atopic disease among offspring at age 36 months was performed by maternal interview using the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) questions for childhood digestive allergies, wheezing, eczema or skin allergy, and respiratory allergy. Multiple logistic regressions examined the association between prenatal supplementation and childhood outcomes, adjusted for covariates. Eczema was reported in 26/84 (31%) of offspring at age 36 months, and was significantly more prevalent in the omega-3 supplementation groups vs. placebo: EPA 13/31 (41.9%); DHA 10/26 (38.5%); placebo 3/27 (11.1%), p=0.019. Compared to placebo, EPA and DHA were associated with ≥5 times risk of offspring eczema [odds ratios (ORs): EPA 5.8 (95% CI 1.4–23.3); DHA 5.0 (95% CI 1.2–21.0)]. After adjusting for other potential risk factors (race, birth weight, vaginal/Cesarean delivery, and maternal eczema) the magnitudes of association for omega-3 supplementation increased: EPA OR 8.1 (95% CI 1.4–45.6); DHA OR 9.6 (95% CI 1.6–58.5). Maternal eczema was also significantly associated with offspring eczema in the adjusted model: OR 10.8 (95% CI 2.1–54.3) Conclusion Contrary to our hypothesis, acids supplementation compared to soy oil was associated with a substantial increase in risk of childhood eczema. This association was not observed on childhood respiratory or digestive outcomes. It is unclear if these findings were driven by unfavorable effects of omega-3s, or whether there may have been unanticipated protective effects of the soy-based placebo with regards to eczema.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Omega-3 Supplementation and Eczema Risk Among Offspring at Age 36 Months

Berman

Clinton

Limb

et al. 2016

Insights Allergy Asthma Bronchitis

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“…For specific allergies there was no clear difference in food allergies at 12–36 months, but a clear reduction was seen for children up to 12 months of age. The author concluded that “there is limited evidence to support maternal n-3 long chain PUFA supplementation during pregnancy and/or lactation for reducing allergic disease in children” 67. Large intervention trials (completed or ongoing, table 3) may further clarify the association between PUFAs and development of food allergy 68–71…”

Section: Micronutrients and Allergy Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifying the infant's diet to prevent food allergy

et al. 2016

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Recommendations and guidelines on the prevention of food allergy have changed in recent decades. The aim of this review of the current evidence and ongoing studies is to provide a comprehensive and up to date picture of prevention of food allergy for healthcare professionals. The review was undertaken as part of the European Union funded Integrated Approaches to Food Allergy and Allergen Management (iFAAM) study. This is a wide ranging project bringing together expertise across the breadth of food allergy research. Specifically, the review discusses dietary manipulation in food allergy prevention, and covers the possible preventive strategies of allergen avoidance, early allergen introduction, general nutrition and supplements, as well as other strategies, such as prebiotics and probiotics. The review concludes that despite agreement that allergen avoidance strategies should not be undertaken for allergy prevention, there is currently no consensus regarding what actions should be recommended beyond exclusive breastfeeding for the first 4–6 months of life. Recent and upcoming trial results, which are detailed in this review, should help inform the debate and add clarity to the topic.

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“…McStay et al reviewed studies on folic acid supplementation in pregnant women [9], and noted that folic acid intake may be linked to childhood allergic disease. On the other hand, other maternal diet components, such as poly unsaturated fatty acids, probiotics, and prebiotics, may have a protective effect on allergy development [10][11][12][13]. The review by Miles in this issue provides an overview of the current Figure 1.…”

Section: Maternal Diet Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition And Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and Allergic Diseases

2018

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Abstract:The development of IgE-mediated allergic diseases is influenced by many factors, including genetic and environmental factors such as pollution and farming, but also by nutrition. In the last decade, substantial progress has been made in our understanding of the impact that nutrition can have on allergic diseases. Many studies have addressed the effect of breastfeeding, pre-, pro-and synbiotics, vitamins and minerals, fiber, fruit and vegetables, cow's milk, and n-3 fatty acids, on the development of allergies. In addition, nutrition can also have indirect effects on allergic sensitization. This includes the diet of pregnant and breastfeeding women, which influences intrauterine development, as well as breastmilk composition. These include the diet of pregnant and breastfeeding women that influences intrauterine development as well as breastmilk composition, effects of food processing that may enhance allergenicity of foods, and effects via modulation of the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites. This editorial review provides a brief overview of recent developments related to nutrition and the development and management of allergic diseases.

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Maternal prenatal and/or postnatal n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) supplementation for preventing allergies in early childhood

Cited by 99 publications

References 154 publications

Prenatal Omega-3 Supplementation and Eczema Risk Among Offspring at Age 36 Months

Prenatal Omega-3 Supplementation and Eczema Risk Among Offspring at Age 36 Months

Modifying the infant's diet to prevent food allergy

Nutrition and Allergic Diseases

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