Maternal provisioning of an obligate symbiont in a sponge

Carrier, Tyler J.; Schmittmann, Lara; Jung, Sabrina; Pita, Lucía; Hentschel, Ute

doi:10.1002/ece3.10012

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…This outcome suggests that microbial densities and taxa richness are not always correlated 62 , and highlights the relevance of the rare taxa to the overall diversity, especially in microbiota dominated by one or few symbionts (but see below) 63 . In LMA microbiomes dominated by one or few ASVs (as in C. crambe ) dominant microbes are transmitted from adults to embryos with high fidelity thanks to brooding reproduction, as these symbionts are essential for fitness 25 , 64 – 66 . Instead, background taxa are mainly acquired horizontally from the water column 63 , 67 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High microbiome and metabolome diversification in coexisting sponges with different bio-ecological traits

Mazzella,

Dell’Anno,

Etxebarría

et al. 2024

Commun Biol

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Marine Porifera host diverse microbial communities, which influence host metabolism and fitness. However, functional relationships between sponge microbiomes and metabolic signatures are poorly understood. We integrate microbiome characterization, metabolomics and microbial predicted functions of four coexisting Mediterranean sponges –Petrosia ficiformis, Chondrosia reniformis, Crambe crambe and Chondrilla nucula. Microscopy observations reveal anatomical differences in microbial densities. Microbiomes exhibit strong species-specific trends. C. crambe shares many rare amplicon sequence variants (ASV) with the surrounding seawater. This suggests important inputs of microbial diversity acquired by selective horizontal acquisition. Phylum Cyanobacteria is mainly represented in C. nucula and C. crambe. According to putative functions, the microbiome of P. ficiformis and C. reniformis are functionally heterotrophic, while C. crambe and C. nucula are autotrophic. The four species display distinct metabolic profiles at single compound level. However, at molecular class level they share a “core metabolome”. Concurrently, we find global microbiome-metabolome association when considering all four sponge species. Within each species still, sets of microbe/metabolites are identified driving multi-omics congruence. Our findings suggest that diverse microbial players and metabolic profiles may promote niche diversification, but also, analogous phenotypic patterns of “symbiont evolutionary convergence” in sponge assemblages where holobionts co-exist in the same area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High microbiome and metabolome diversification in coexisting sponges with different bio-ecological traits

Mazzella,

Dell’Anno,

Etxebarría

et al. 2024

Commun Biol

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“…Differences in our study may arise particularly due to H. panicea , whose high archaeal diversity is responsible for a change in overall group means and differs from our initial expectations. In cases such as this, the low bacterial diversity is linked to the high abundance of a single taxon, which persists in the host and is often passed on directly to its offspring ( Schmittmann et al, 2022 ; Carrier et al, 2023 ). Variability in symbiont presence/absence and abundance can occur among different host populations but also different sampled body parts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The archaeome in metaorganism research, with a focus on marine models and their bacteria–archaea interactions

von Hoyningen-Huene,

Bang,

Rausch

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Metaorganism research contributes substantially to our understanding of the interaction between microbes and their hosts, as well as their co-evolution. Most research is currently focused on the bacterial community, while archaea often remain at the sidelines of metaorganism-related research. Here, we describe the archaeome of a total of eleven classical and emerging multicellular model organisms across the phylogenetic tree of life. To determine the microbial community composition of each host, we utilized a combination of archaea and bacteria-specific 16S rRNA gene amplicons. Members of the two prokaryotic domains were described regarding their community composition, diversity, and richness in each multicellular host. Moreover, association with specific hosts and possible interaction partners between the bacterial and archaeal communities were determined for the marine models. Our data show that the archaeome in marine hosts predominantly consists of Nitrosopumilaceae and Nanoarchaeota, which represent keystone taxa among the porifera. The presence of an archaeome in the terrestrial hosts varies substantially. With respect to abundant archaeal taxa, they harbor a higher proportion of methanoarchaea over the aquatic environment. We find that the archaeal community is much less diverse than its bacterial counterpart. Archaeal amplicon sequence variants are usually host-specific, suggesting adaptation through co-evolution with the host. While bacterial richness was higher in the aquatic than the terrestrial hosts, a significant difference in diversity and richness between these groups could not be observed in the archaeal dataset. Our data show a large proportion of unclassifiable archaeal taxa, highlighting the need for improved cultivation efforts and expanded databases.

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A common garden ofHalichondriasponges: taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific Halichondriidae reveals many cryptic introduced species

Turner,

Morrow,

Picton

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Sponges (phylum Porifera) possess biochemical, cellular, and physiological traits with valuable biotechnical applications. However, our ability to harness these natural innovations is limited by a classification system that does not fully reflect their evolutionary history. In this study, we uncover numerous cryptic species within the genus Halichondria that are morphologically indistinguishable from the well-known H. panicea. Many of these species have habitat preferences and geographic distributions that strongly suggest they have been dispersed by human activity. Most of these species are broadly sympatric with their closest relatives, and these overlapping distributions allow us to use patterns of DNA variation to infer reproductive isolation between clades in nature. With reproductively isolated species thus delineated, we can use DNA states as taxonomic characters to formally describe them. Though much remains to be learned about these newly discovered species, the natural "common gardens" of introduced sponges in California, New York, and other locations provide opportunities to test hypotheses about their diversification in future work.

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Maternal provisioning of an obligate symbiont in a sponge

Cited by 5 publications

References 68 publications

High microbiome and metabolome diversification in coexisting sponges with different bio-ecological traits

High microbiome and metabolome diversification in coexisting sponges with different bio-ecological traits

The archaeome in metaorganism research, with a focus on marine models and their bacteria–archaea interactions

A common garden ofHalichondriasponges: taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific Halichondriidae reveals many cryptic introduced species

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