“…To date, early parenting has been studied in relation to the psychosocial characteristics of the caregiver (Crockenberg & Leerkes, 2003;Espinosa, Beckwith, Howard, Tyler, & Swanson, 2001), experiences of daily stress (Hummer & Samuels, 1988), family relationships (Cox & Paley, 2003), parenting beliefs (NICHD ECCRN, 2004), parental internal working models (Crockenberg & Leerkes, 2003), and influence of child temperament (Belsky, 1984;Leerkes & Crockenberg, 2002). By comparison, there has been limited examination of the psychophysiological correlates of sensitive and nonharsh parenting behaviors (Bardi, French, Ramirez, & Brent, 2004;Leckman & Herman, 2002).…”