Maternal serum cholesterol levels are elevated from the 1st trimester of pregnancy: A cross-sectional study

Bartels, Ä; Egan, Nicole; Broadhurst, David; Khashan, Ali S.; Joyce, Caroline; Stapleton, Mary; O’Mullane, John; O’Donoghue, Keelin

doi:10.3109/01443615.2012.714017

Cited by 57 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The present data indicate that blood lipid concentrations also increase in line with this. The increase in serum lipids during pregnancy has been shown in previous research [10–13] with one group of researchers finding that a mother’s serum cholesterol concentrations rise by approximately 50–70% during pregnancy compared to normal concentrations [27]. Others have reported that, compared to non-pregnant women, estimated total cholesterol concentrations increase up to 39% in late pregnancy and triglyceride concentrations may be anywhere up to 138% higher than non-pregnant concentrations in late pregnancy [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Others have reported that, compared to non-pregnant women, estimated total cholesterol concentrations increase up to 39% in late pregnancy and triglyceride concentrations may be anywhere up to 138% higher than non-pregnant concentrations in late pregnancy [12]. Evidence has shown that blood lipids revert to pre-pregnancy levels after delivery which suggests that the elevated serum lipids could play an important role in fetal development [12,13,27]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although these blood lipids all naturally increased during pregnancy [10–13], they are not routinely measured as part of antenatal care. Some studies have published their own values for small reference groups [10,13,14] however currently there are no guidelines for normal cholesterol or triglyceride concentrations during pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal Blood Lipid Profile during Pregnancy and Associations with Child Adiposity: Findings from the ROLO Study

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe in-utero environment affects fetal development; it is vital to understand how maternal diet during pregnancy influences childhood body composition. While research indicates that triglycerides in hyperglycaemic women may increase birth weight, little is known about this relationship in euglycemic women. This study examines the relationship between maternal blood lipid status and infant adiposity up to 2 years of age.MethodsData from 331 mother-child pairs from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study was analysed. Maternal dietary intakes were recorded and fasting blood lipids, leptin and HOMA were measured in early and late pregnancy and cord blood. Infant anthropometric measurements and skin-fold thicknesses were recorded at birth, 6 months and 2 years. Correlation and regression analyses were used to explore associations between maternal blood lipid status and infant adiposity.ResultsAll maternal blood lipids increased significantly during pregnancy. Maternal dietary fat intake was positively associated with total cholesterol levels in early pregnancy. Late pregnancy triglycerides were positively associated with birth weight (P = 0.03) while cord blood triglycerides were negatively associated with birth weight (P = 0.01). Cord HDL-C was negatively associated with infant weight at 6 months (P = 0.005). No other maternal blood lipids were associated with infant weight or adiposity up to 2 years of age.ConclusionMaternal and fetal triglycerides were associated with birth weight and cord HDL-C with weight at 6 months. Thus, maternal lipid concentrations may exert in-utero influences on infant body composition. There may be potential to modulate infant body composition through alteration of maternal diet during pregnancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal Blood Lipid Profile during Pregnancy and Associations with Child Adiposity: Findings from the ROLO Study

et al. 2016

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“…Availability of lipids to the fetoplacental unit depends on de novo synthesis by the foetus as well as maternal transfer. Cholesterol, for example, can reach the foetal circulatory system after crossing the syncytiotrophoblast as LDL-c [49,55]. In pig foetuses, fatty acid availability and composition depend more on foetal synthesis from precursors transferred from the mother than on direct maternal transfer [56,57,58,59,60,61], since fatty acids do not easily cross the placenta in ruminants, pigs or horses [62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogeny of Sex-Related Differences in Foetal Developmental Features, Lipid Availability and Fatty Acid Composition

García-Contreras

Vázquez-Gómez

Astiz

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Sex-related differences in lipid availability and fatty acid composition during swine foetal development were investigated. Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the mother were strongly related to the adequacy or inadequacy of foetal development and concomitant activation of protective growth in some organs (brain, heart, liver and spleen). Cholesterol and triglyceride availability was similar in male and female offspring, but female foetuses showed evidence of higher placental transfer of essential fatty acids and synthesis of non-essential fatty acids in muscle and liver. These sex-related differences affected primarily the neutral lipid fraction (triglycerides), which may lead to sex-related postnatal differences in energy partitioning. These results illustrate the strong influence of the maternal lipid profile on foetal development and homeorhesis, and they confirm and extend previous reports that female offspring show better adaptive responses to maternal malnutrition than male offspring. These findings may help guide dietary interventions to ensure adequate fatty acid availability for postnatal development.

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“…Although cholesterol levels are often elevated during pregnancy, cholesterol is generally not evaluated or treated. A study by Bartels et al confirmed that cholesterol levels elevate beginning in the first trimester and continue throughout pregnancy 33 . It is not clearly established at what point after delivery should cholesterol levels be measured in women, but measurement at least 12 weeks post-partum and post-lactation cessation seems reasonable.…”

Section: Current Guideline Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Adverse pregnancy outcomes and cardiovascular risk factor management

Mehta

Minissian

Merz

2015

Seminars in Perinatology

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading health threat to American women. In addition to established risk factors for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking, and obesity, adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) including pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and gestational diabetes are now recognized as factors that increase a woman’s risk for future CVD. CVD risk factor burden is disproportionately higher in those of low socioeconomic status and in ethnic/racial minority women. Since younger women often use their obstetrician/gynecologist as their primary health provider, this is an opportune time to diagnose and treat CVD risk factors early. Embedding preventive care providers such as nurse practitioners or physician assistants within OB/GYN practices can be considered, with referral to family medicine or internist for ongoing risk assessment and management. The American Heart Association (AHA)/American Stroke Association (ASA) stroke prevention guidelines tailored to women recommend that women with a history of pre-eclampsia be evaluated for hypertension and other CVD risk factors within 6 months to 1 year post-partum. Given the burden and impact of CVD on women our society, the entire medical community must work to establish feasible practice and referral patterns for assessment and treatment of CVD risk factors.

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Maternal serum cholesterol levels are elevated from the 1st trimester of pregnancy: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 57 publications

References 34 publications

Maternal Blood Lipid Profile during Pregnancy and Associations with Child Adiposity: Findings from the ROLO Study

Maternal Blood Lipid Profile during Pregnancy and Associations with Child Adiposity: Findings from the ROLO Study

Ontogeny of Sex-Related Differences in Foetal Developmental Features, Lipid Availability and Fatty Acid Composition

Adverse pregnancy outcomes and cardiovascular risk factor management

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