Maternal Smoking and Immunity

Nymand, Gunnar

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(74)92243-0

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We did observe a high number of nonresponders among subjects who smoke more than 11 cigarettes/day or drink more than 21 gr/day of alcohol. We can thus, hypothesize that these habits can affect the immune response, as reported in the literature (3, 4,7,8,5,13).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

Immune response to anti-HBV vaccination: Study of conditioning factors

et al. 1988

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

Immune response to anti-HBV vaccination: Study of conditioning factors

et al. 1988

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“…Titres of non-specific agglutinins were depressed in smokers' sera relative to non-smokers (Fletcher, Sumney, Langkamp & Platt, 1969), together with depressed level of humoral IgG (Vos-Brat & Riimke, 1969). Nymand (1974) observed that pregnant women who smoked had a significantly lower incidence of lymphocytotoxins in their sera, and were more prone to infections of the urinary tract, and to febrile and non-febrile virus diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effect of cigarette smoking on susceptibility to epidemic influenza and on serological responses to live attenuated and killed subunit influenza vaccines

Mackenzie

MacKenzie

Holt

1976

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYThe effects of cigarette smoking on the incidence of epidemic influenza and on the serological response to influenza vaccination with killed subunit and live attenuated vaccines have been investigated during comparative vaccine trials in Western Australia. It was found that cigarette smokers with no pre-epidemic haemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody (titres of < 12) were significantly more susceptible to epidemic influenza than non-smokers. Smokers were no more susceptible however, if they had possessed detectable pre-epidemic HI antibody. A significantly higher proportion of smokers sero-converted after receiving the live virus vaccine than their non-smoking counterparts, but this could not be correlated with pre-vaccination HI antibody titres. The longevity of the immune response to the subunit vaccine was severely depressed 50 weeks post-vaccination in smokers who had possessed little or no immunity before vaccination (titres of < 12). This antibody deficit was not observed in live virus vaccinees or subunit vaccinees with pre-vaccination HI antibody (titres of > 24). Post-vaccinal symptoms were similar regardless of vaccine group or smoking history.

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“…Spontaneous preterm delivery generally occurs as a result of preterm labor, and smoking is associated with increased risk of preterm labor (Savitz, Blackmore, & Thorp, 1991). Smoking is probably associated with increased risk of intrauterine infection, and signs of impaired maternal immunity and acute inflammation in the umbilical cord and placenta have been observed in mothers who smoke (Naeye, 1978;Nymand, 1974).…”

Section: S129mentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of smoking during pregnancy: Smoking prevalence, maternal characteristics, and pregnancy outcomes

Cnattingius

2004

Nicotine & Tobacco Res.

969

854

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The prevalence of smoking during pregnancy varies markedly across countries. In many industrialized countries, prevalence rates appear to have peaked and begun to decline, whereas in other countries smoking is becoming increasingly common among young women. Randomized controlled trials have shown that smoking interventions during pregnancy have had limited success. Smoking during pregnancy is in many countries recognized as the most important preventable risk factor for an unsuccessful pregnancy outcome. Smoking is causally associated with fetal growth restriction, and increasing evidence also suggests that smoking may cause stillbirth, preterm birth, placental abruption, and possibly also sudden infant death syndrome. Smoking during pregnancy also is generally associated with increased risks of spontaneous abortions, ectopic pregnancies, and placenta previa and may increase risks of behavioral disorders in childhood. Smoking during pregnancy will continue to be an important risk factor for maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy.

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Maternal Smoking and Immunity

Cited by 32 publications

References 13 publications

Immune response to anti-HBV vaccination: Study of conditioning factors

Immune response to anti-HBV vaccination: Study of conditioning factors

The effect of cigarette smoking on susceptibility to epidemic influenza and on serological responses to live attenuated and killed subunit influenza vaccines

The epidemiology of smoking during pregnancy: Smoking prevalence, maternal characteristics, and pregnancy outcomes

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