Maternal smoking and urinary organ malformations

Abstract

This study supports an association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and kidney malformations. No obvious confounders were detected but further work is needed before a causal inference can be made.

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and the urinary tract: A murmansk county birth registry study

“…Previous studies have reported associations of CAKUTs with a number of maternal factors, including: pre-existing diabetes mellitus (DM) or gestational diabetes (GD) (Kalter, 2003;Sheffield et al, 2002;Shnorhavorian a et al, 2011); febrile illness during pregnancy (Abe a et al, 2003), advance age (Shnorhavorian et al, 2011); renal disease (Shnorhavorian et al, 2011); as well as medication use (especially non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; Boubred et al, 2006). Studies of the effect on CAKUTs from tobacco use and alcohol consumption have yielded controversial results in that some show negative associations, while others do not (Kallen, 1997;Li et al, 1996;Shnorhavorian et al, 2011). The evidence for seasonal variation is also contradictory in that increased risk of CAKUTs has been reported for both newborns conceived (Luteijn et al, 2014) or delivered during the summer months (Feldman et al, 2009).…”

Estimated Risk for Altered Fetal Growth Resulting from Exposure to Fine Particles during Pregnancy: An Epidemiologic Prospective Cohort Study in Poland

“…A large body of evidence demonstrates that, in addition to parental smoking (Bosley et al 1981; Jedrychowski et al 1977; Kallen 1997a, 1997b; Lowe 1959; Martinez et al 1994; Miller et al 1976; Savitz et al 1991; Shaw et al 1996; Simpson 1957; Underwood et al 1967; Wasserman et al 1996; Wyszynski et al 1997) and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) [Jedrychowski and Flak 1996; Mainous and Hueston 1994; Martin and Bracken 1986; National Research Council 1986; Ogawa et al 1991; Perera et al 2004; Rubin et al 1986; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 1992; Windham et al 1999), outdoor and indoor air pollutants may increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes, including low birth weight (LBW), premature births, and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) (Antipenko and Kogut 1993; Axelsson and Molin 1988; Bhopal et al 1994, 1998; Bobak 2000; Bobak and Leon 1999; Dejmek et al 1999, 2000; Kavlock et al 1979; Landgren 1996; Lin et al 2001; Longo 1997; Loomis et al 1999; Norska-Borowka and Bursa 1993; Pereira et al 1998; Perera et al 1998, 2003; Ritz and Yu 1999; Ritz et al 2000; Singh 1988; Smrcka and Leznarova 1998; Sram 1999; Tabacova and Balabaeva 1993; Wang et al 1997; Woodruff et al 1997; Xu et al 1995).…”

Guidelines for Smoking Cessation (JCS 2010)

“…51 Relationship has been pointed out but no clear causal relationship was demonstrated: Cleft lip and palate, 52 absent limbs, 53 urogenital malformation, 54 and neural tube defect, 55 etc. Women should quit smoking before they become pregnant to ensure preventing these complications.…”