Maternal smoking during pregnancy: no association with congenital malformations in Missouri 1980-83.

Malloy, Michael H.; Kleinman, Joel C.; Bakewell, Janice; Schramm, W; Land, Gillian

doi:10.2105/ajph.79.9.1243

Cited by 61 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Two early studies of clubfoot did not report any association between clubfoot and maternal smoking. 10,14 No association was observed between maternal smoking and congenital diaphragmatic hernia, which is consistent with the one literature report located. 14 We also did not observe an association between maternal smoking and Down syndrome, although two literature reports have shown a possible protective effect of maternal smoking on Down syndrome 14,27 and one other report showed a protective effect among heavy smoking primiparas.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…[9][10][11][12] Although some early small studies showed an increased risk of neural tube defects associated with maternal smoking, 13 this finding has not been supported by more recent studies. Pregnancies affected by either anencephaly or spina bifida have high rates of spontaneous abortion, and the likelihood of spontaneous abortion of affected fetuses may be increased among women who smoke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal smoking and birth defects: Validity of birth certificate data for effect estimation

Honein¹,

Paulozzi²,

Watkins³

2001

Public Health Reports

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SYNOPSISObjectives. The authors sought to assess the validity of birth certificate data for estimating the association between maternal smoking and birth defects. The US standard birth certificate includes check boxes for maternal smoking and for 21 congenital anomalies. The sensitivity and specificity of birth certificate data have been studied, but previous studies have not addressed the validity of these data for estimating the association between birth defects and maternal smoking or other risk factors.Methods. US public-use natality data (1997)(1998) were used to calculate the prevalence ratio (adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, and education) for the association between maternal smoking and 13 defects/defect categories. All analyses were restricted to 45 states, New York City, and the District of Columbia because they collect both maternal smoking and birth defect data.Results. Maternal smoking was associated with an increased prevalence of hydrocephaly (adjusted prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08,1.43), microcephaly (PR 1.47; 95% CI 1.15,1.88), omphalocele/ gastroschisis (PR 1.37; 95% CI 1.22,1.53), cleft lip/palate (PR 1.35; 95% CI 1.25,1.45), clubfoot (PR 1.62; 95% CI 1.49,1.75), and polydactyly/syndactyly/ adactyly (PR 1.33; 95% CI 1.23,1.43 ). Previous studies have indicated an association between maternal smoking and gastroschisis, oral clefts, and clubfoot with effect estimates of similar magnitude to this study.Conclusions. These findings suggest that birth certificate data may be useful for exploratory or corroborative studies estimating the association between birth defects and some risk factors recorded on birth certificates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal smoking and birth defects: Validity of birth certificate data for effect estimation

Honein¹,

Paulozzi²,

Watkins³

2001

Public Health Reports

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“…However, the impact of these factors on a population in causing birth defects (except in specific circumstances) is far from certain. While smoking has been associated with low birth weight and alcohol is correlated with fetal alcohol syndrome, there is little consistent evidence in the literature (41)(42)(43) to suggest an association with other congenital malformations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Congenital Malformations Associated with Proximity to Hazardous Waste Sites

Geschwind

Stolwijk

Bracken

et al. 1992

American Journal of Epidemiology

158

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“…Cigarette smoking during pregnancy was associated with cleft defects [6,99,110]. In contrast, some studies found no association with maternal smoking for any form oral clefts [111,112]. Meta-analysis of 24 case-control and cohort studies revealed significant association with an overall odds ratio of 1.34 (95% CI= 1.25-1.44) [113].…”

Section: Environmental Factors Causing Cleftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Genetics of Non-Syndromic Clefts Revisited

Rajasekhar¹,

Lakkakula²,

KS³

2011

Int J Genet

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Cleft of the lip and palate (CL/P) are generally divided in to two groups, isolated cleft palate and cleft with or without cleft palate representing a heterogeneous group of disorders affecting the upper lip and the roof the mouth. Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate incidence is 1 in 700 to 1000 live babies with ethnic and geographic variations. Various independent association and linkage studies using different populations have identified several loci. Numerous genes have been reported in studies demonstration associations and/or linkage of the cleft lip and palate phenotypes to alleles of microsatellite markers and single nucleotide polymorphisms within specific genes that regulate transcription factor, growth factor, cell signalling and detoxification metabolisms. Currently, efforts are focussed to identify the genes and genetic variations within the numerous candidate genes that have been found to associate with the expression of the orofacial cleft phenotype. In conclusion, the genetic basis of CL/P is still contentious because of genetic complexity of clefting.

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Maternal smoking during pregnancy: no association with congenital malformations in Missouri 1980-83.

Cited by 61 publications

References 22 publications

Maternal smoking and birth defects: Validity of birth certificate data for effect estimation

Maternal smoking and birth defects: Validity of birth certificate data for effect estimation

Risk of Congenital Malformations Associated with Proximity to Hazardous Waste Sites

Molecular Genetics of Non-Syndromic Clefts Revisited

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