Aim : To determine the pharmacokinetics of ritodrine in singleton and twin pregnancies. Methods : We treated 105 pregnant women(with singletons, n=67 ; with twins, n=38)with continuous infusion of ritodrine and then measured steady-state serum ritodrine concentrations using HPLC. Results : Ritodrine clearance(mean±SD)was significantly lower in women who delivered twins than in those who delivered singletons(1.59±0.30 vs. 1.75±0.43 L/h/kg ; p<0.001). Serum ritodrine concentration did not differ significantly between women who delivered preterm singletons and those who delivered preterm twins (97.5±61.1 vs. 89.6±50.4 ng/mL ; p=NS), but was significantly higher in women who delivered twins at term than in those who delivered singletons at term(85.8±39.7 vs. 65.7±38.7 ng/mL ; p<0.001). Conclusion : Ritodrine clearance was lower in twin pregnancies than in singleton pregnancies. The dose of ritodrine administered to maintain pregnancy should be controlled taking into account singleton or twin pregnancy. (Jpn J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2013 ; 44(5) : 389-394)