Maternal use of thyroid hormones in pregnancy and neonatal outcome

Wikner, Birgitta Norstedt; Sparre, Lottie Skjöldebrand; Stiller, Carl‐Olav; Källén, Bëngt; Asker, Charlotte

doi:10.1080/00016340802075103

Cited by 55 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The risk estimate for any malformation in the present study was lower than that found in our previous study [7] in spite of similar methodology: 1.06 versus 1.19. One difference between the studies was that in the present but not in the previous one we took into consideration maternal BMI.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…In the previous study we found an association with cardiovascular defects which was not quite statistically significant in the present extended study. We found a high RR for severe kidney malformations [7]; it was still increased but had lost its statistical significance. The RR for anal atresia was high and remained high in the present study and now statistical significance was reached.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous paper [7] an explanation was suggested. It was pointed out that the maternal demand of thyroxin increases already in early pregnancy (from week 5) and the embryonic thyroid does not start to produce thyroxin until after gestational weeks 10–12.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both of these two studies were based on retrospective exposure ascertainment. A study from the Swedish Medical Birth Register used maternal reports of thyroxin use in early pregnancy as an exposure indicator and found an increased risk for any malformation and for cardiovascular defects and also high odds ratios, although not statistically significant, for anal atresia and severe kidney malformations [7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study we expand the previous study [7] to include pregnancies up to and including 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal Hypothyroidism in Early Pregnancy and Infant Structural Congenital Malformations

Källén

Wikner

2014

Journal of Thyroid Research

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Background. The question is debated on whether maternal hypothyroidism or use of thyroxin in early pregnancy affects the risk for infant congenital malformations. Objectives. To expand the previously published study on maternal thyroxin use in early pregnancy and the risk for congenital malformations. Methods. Data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register were used for the years 1996–2011 and infant malformations were identified from national health registers. Women with preexisting diabetes or reporting the use of thyreostatics, anticonvulsants, or antihypertensives were excluded from analysis. Risk estimates were made as odds ratios (ORs) or risk ratios (RRs) after adjustment for year of delivery, maternal age, parity, smoking, and body mass index. Results. Among 23 259 infants whose mothers in early pregnancy used thyroxin, 730 had a major malformation; among all 1 567 736 infants, 48012 had such malformations. The adjusted OR was 1.06 (95% CI 0.98–1.14). For anal atresia the RR was 1.85 (95% CI 1.00–1.85) and for choanal atresia 3.14 (95% CI 1.26–6.47). The risk of some other malformations was also increased but statistical significance was not reached. Conclusions. Treated maternal hypothyroidism may be a weak risk factor for infant congenital malformations but an association with a few rare conditions is possible.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study we expand the previous study [7] to include pregnancies up to and including 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%