Materno-Fetal Prognosis of Retro-Placental Hematoma at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Communautaire

Abstract

Introduction: The majority of pregnancies and births go off without incident even though they all present risks. Retro-placental hematoma (RPH) is an extreme obstetric emergency. The aim of our study was to assess the maternal-fetal prognosis of this pathology in our patients. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive and analytical study over 5 years ranging from the period from January 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2019. The study's population consisted of pregnant women, in the 3rd trimester, who were presented with the retro-placental hematoma during the pregnancy or childbirth and taken care of in the maternity ward of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Communautaire. Results: During our study period, we recorded 87 cases of retro-placental hematoma, and 40,763 deliveries. The frequency of retro-placental hematoma was 0.21% at delivery. The average maternal age was 26.4 years with extremes of 16 and 40 years. The parity's average was 3.8 with extremes of 1 and 13. The mean gestational age at the time of the onset of the accident was 35.9 amenorrhea weeks (AW) with extremes of 28 and 40 AW. We performed 4 cases of hysterectomy (4.5%). We recorded 8 maternal deaths (9.2%) and 60 newborn deaths (69%). The causes of maternal death were dominated by afibrinogenemia 62.5%, followed by renal failure in 25%. Conclusion: Retro-placental hematoma is a serious pathology during the pregnancy.