Mathematical Analysis of the Touching Inclusions Parameters at the Tundish Free Surface to Predict More Realistic Inclusion Removal Rates

Gutiérrez, E.; Garcia-Hernandez, Saul; Barreto, José de Jesús

doi:10.1002/srin.201900328

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A novel approach was developed [68] by considering a critical velocity condition to evaluate the trap or to reflect the conditions of inclusions. A more complicated approach was developed recently [69].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Inclusion Removal Ability in Refining Slags Containing Ce2O3

Cao

Wang

et al. 2023

Crystals

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The elimination of inclusions in steelmaking processes has been widely studied. The removal of inclusions by slags containing the rare earth oxide Ce2O3 are studied using an integrated numerical model. The integrated model involves the inclusion motion model, interfacial tension calculation model, surface tension calculation model of slag, and the mass action concentration model, based on ion and molecule coexistence theory. The motion behaviors of both solid Al2O3 inclusions and 50%wtAl2O3–50%wtCaO liquid inclusions of varied sizes at CaO-Ce2O3-SiO2-Al2O3(-MgO) slag systems are evaluated. The results show that it is more difficult to remove the inclusions with smaller sizes and in slag with a higher viscosity. Liquid inclusions are more difficult to remove than solid inclusions. It is found that the CaO-Ce2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO refining slag shows a better ability to remove Al2O3 inclusions than that of the CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO slag. The reason for this is that the addition of the rare earth oxide Ce2O3 can decrease the viscosity of slags, as well as improving the wetting effects of slags on Al2O3 inclusions. For two slags systems, the CaO-Ce2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO slag system shows a better ability to remove Al2O3 inclusions than the CaO-Ce2O3-SiO2-Al2O3 slag system. The addition of 5% to 8% Ce2O3 in a CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO slag is an optimized case for industrial applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Inclusion Removal Ability in Refining Slags Containing Ce2O3

Cao

Wang

et al. 2023

Crystals

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“…The motion state of inclusion particles is determined according to the "particle tracing in fluid flow" physical field, and the relevant formulas used in the physical field are as follows. The momentum equation of inclusion particles in the tundish is expressed in Equation ( 1) [19]:…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation Study on the Influence of Different Molten Steel Temperatures on Inclusion Distribution under Dual-Channel Induction-Heating Conditions

Yi,

Zhang,

Jiang

et al. 2023

Materials

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Impurity elimination in tundishes is an essential metallurgical function in continuous casting. If inclusions in a tundish cannot be effectively removed, their presence will have a serious impact on the quality of the bloom. As a result, this research investigates the locations of inclusion particles in a six-strand induction-heating tundish in depth, combining the flow, temperature, and inclusion trajectories of molten steel under electromagnetic fields. The results show that a pinch effect occurred in the induction-heating tundish, and a rotating magnetic field formed in the channel, with a maximum value of 0.158 T. The electromagnetic force was directed toward the center of the axis, and its numerical distribution corresponds to the magnetic flux density distribution, with a maximum value of 2.11 × 105 N/m3. The inclusion particles’ movement speed accelerated as the molten steel’s temperature rose, and their distribution in the channel was identical to the rotating flow field distribution. When the steel’s temperature rose from 1750 K to 1850 K, the removal percentage of inclusion particles in the discharge chamber rose by 9.20%, the removal rate at the outlet decreased from 8.00% to 3.00%, and the adhesion percentage of inclusion particles in the channel decreased from 48.40% to 44.40%.

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“…The process of inclusion absorption by the top slag can be divided into four steps [27][28][29]: (1) inclusions are transported to the turbulent boundary layer of the steel-slag interface; (2) inclusions are transported through the boundary layer to the steel-slag interface; (3) inclusions separate to the slag; and (4) inclusions are dissolved in the slag phase. Many scholars have studied these four steps separately: for example, step 1 [30][31][32][33][34], step 2 [29,35,36], step 3 [27,[37][38][39][40], and step 4 [41][42][43][44][45]. The results show that the separation process of inclusions at the slag-steel interface is the critical link of inclusion absorption by slag [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Model of Inclusions Removal at Static Steel–Slag Interface

Tao,

Cao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Materials

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Inclusions are one of the important factors affecting the cleanliness of molten steel. The current optimization of inclusion removal methods mainly focuses on promoting inclusions to float to the slag–steel interface so that the inclusions can be absorbed and removed by the refining slag. However, the research on the floating removal of inclusions cannot be carried out directly in the ladle, so methods such as mathematical models and physical models were developed. This article uses silicone oil to simulate the slag layer; polypropylene particles; and aluminum oxide particles to simulate inclusions to establish a water model experiment. By changing the viscosity of silicone oil and the diameter of particles, the factors affecting the movement of inclusions at the slag–steel interface were explored. Based on the water model, a mathematical model of the floating behavior of inclusions at the slag–steel interface was constructed, and parameters such as particle diameter and interfacial tension in the water model experiment were studied by the mathematical model for calculation. Both the mathematical model and the water model experimental results show that after the viscosity of silicone oil increases from 0.048 Pa·s to 0.096 Pa·s, the dimensionless displacement and terminal velocity of the particles decreases. When the diameter of the same particle increases, the dimensionless displacement and terminal velocity increases. The dimensionless displacement of polypropylene particles of the same diameter is larger than that of aluminum oxide particles, and the terminal velocity is smaller than that of aluminum oxide particles. This is attributed to the better overall three-phase wettability of polypropylene particle. When the liquid level increases, the dimensionless displacement and terminal velocity of particles under the same conditions show only slight differences (less than 10%).

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Mathematical Analysis of the Touching Inclusions Parameters at the Tundish Free Surface to Predict More Realistic Inclusion Removal Rates

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Assessment of Inclusion Removal Ability in Refining Slags Containing Ce2O3

Assessment of Inclusion Removal Ability in Refining Slags Containing Ce2O3

Simulation Study on the Influence of Different Molten Steel Temperatures on Inclusion Distribution under Dual-Channel Induction-Heating Conditions

Physical Model of Inclusions Removal at Static Steel–Slag Interface

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