Mathematical and Physical Simulation of a Top Blown Converter

Abstract

A mathematical model of a top blown converter, which was based on a physical model of a 30 t vessel, was developed in this study. A simplified model consisting of the converter was used in the mathematical simulation. With the simplified model, it is possible to run a large number of tracer calculations within a short time, compared to solving for the entire flow evolution each time. A cavity depth and radius comparison has been done between the physical model and the mathematical model, which showed a good relative difference of 2.5% and 6.1% for the cavity depth and radius, respectively. The velocity change in the bath of the converter was monitored by setting several monitoring points in the physical model. A fully developed flow field was assumed to occur when the fluctuations in these points were small or periodic. It took approximately 25 s to get a developed flow field. In addition, the predicted mixing time showed a good relative difference of 2.8% in comparison to the experimental data.

Review on CFD Simulation and Modeling of Decarburization Processes

“…Wuppermann [46] 2013 AOD 3D Transient SST-SAS Vessel Oscillation Barron [54] 2014 BOF 2D Transient k-e slag density and splashing Kalyani [34] 2014 BOF 3D Transient n/a BOF reacting flow Li [21] 2014 BOF 3D Transient k-e Impinging jet BOF Song [43] 2014 AOD 3D Steady Realizable k-e Off-Gas post combustion Tilliander [49] 2014 AOD 3D Steady Kim-Chen k-e Side blowing Zhou [18] 2014 BOF 3D Transient k-e Top blowing Zhou [32] 2014 BOF 3D Transient k-e Combined blowing, top and bottom Li [24] 2015 BOF 3D Steady k-v Jet coalecense…”

“…A comparison was made with a case where the entire jet was simulated together with the deformation of the bath surface, and there was little difference in the results. [18] 3. Discussion…”

“…Ming also found that when the slag level increased there was a noticeable decrease in the penetration of the jet, which led to a smaller cavity and a more uniformly distributed velocity in the metal bath surface region. [31] Zhou et al [18] investigated the top blowing in detail and showed that it was possible to use a frozen flow field approximation to determine the mixing time, but only after the flow field had reached a fully developed stage. Comparisons with water modeling revealed good agreement of about 3% between the simulation and the experimental mixing time in the system.…”

Simulation and Application of Bottom-Blowing in Electrical Arc Furnace Steelmaking Process

“…Based on the similarity of kinetics and geometry, [13][14][15] a physical model was developed. The bottom-blowing arrangement was used in the physical model.…”

Transferring Characteristics of Momentum/Energy during Oxygen Jetting into the Molten Bath in BOFs: A Computational Exploration

“…In the past decades, a large amount of fruitful works have been carried out for the jetting process in BOFs, e.g., cold modeling of air-water or air-oil-water systems, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] mathematical modeling of air-water system, [13][14][15][16][17][18] and modeling of performance of a real top-blown BOF system. [19][20][21][22][23] These studies generally focused on the process phenomena involved, for example, the dimensions and profiles of cavity, the motion of phase interface, [ the flow field and mixing efficiency of the molten bath.…”